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采用封闭流水式呼吸室法,研究了不同浓度碳酸盐碱度(以下简称CA,10、30、50、70、90、110 mmol/L)对体质量为(84.62±6.70)g的达里湖瓦氏雅罗鱼耗氧率、氨氮排泄率、血氨含量及排氨基因Rh家族(Rhag、Rhbg、Rhcg1和Rhcg2)在鳃组织中表达量的影响。结果表明,随着碱度的升高,瓦氏雅罗鱼的耗氧率和排氨率均表现为先下降后上升的趋势,且都显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。在CA90时,耗氧率和排氨率均达到最低值,表明CA90可能是达里湖瓦氏雅罗鱼所能承受的最大碱度胁迫。相反,随着碱度的升高,瓦氏雅罗鱼的血氨含量呈现先上升后下降的趋势,在CA90时达到峰值。然而在CA0~50时,瓦氏雅罗鱼血氨含量无显著差异(P>0.05),表明达里湖瓦氏雅罗鱼进化出特殊的排氨机制,使其体内能够保持较低的氨氮含量以此规避氨中毒。定量PCR显示,参与氨转运的4种Rh基因在不同碱度处理组均有不同程度的上调表达;其中Rhcg1和Rhcg2在高碱度(CA110)最为显著(P<0.05),表明Rhcg1和Rhcg2可能在达里湖瓦氏雅罗鱼高碱胁迫下的排氨过程中发挥重要作用。能量代谢研究(O∶N)发现,在CA0~70时,雅罗鱼无需消耗过多能源物质即可实现高碱度胁迫下的能量需求;而在碱度为90~110时,则主要消耗脂肪和碳水化合物供能,减少蛋白质耗能,以此降低毒氨的产生。依据上述研究结果,深入探讨了达里湖瓦氏雅罗鱼在高碱胁迫下的排氨策略及其可能的生理和分子机制,为推动达里湖瓦氏雅罗鱼在不同类型盐碱水域的增养殖提供科学依据。
The effects of different concentrations of carbonate alkalinity (CA, 10, 30, 50, 70, 90 and 110 mmol / L) on the total body weight of (84.62 ± 6.70) The oxygen consumption rate, ammonia nitrogen excretion rate, blood ammonia level and the expression levels of the Rh gene (Rhag, Rhbg, Rhcg1 and Rhcg2) in gills of Lake Yamanashi were evaluated. The results showed that with the increase of alkalinity, the oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate of Ardea gravis increased firstly and then increased, and both were significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). At CA90, the oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion rate both reached the lowest value, indicating that CA90 may be the maximum alkalinity stress that the Darius wallerius can tolerate. On the contrary, with the increase of alkalinity, the blood ammonia content of Aristolochia genus rose first and then decreased, reaching its peak at CA90. However, at CA 0 ~ 50, there was no significant difference in blood ammonia content (P> 0.05), suggesting that Darius arundinacea in Dali Lake developed a special ammonia-releasing mechanism to keep the ammonia nitrogen in the body lower In order to avoid this ammonia poisoning. Quantitative PCR showed that the four Rh genes involved in ammonia transport were up-regulated in different alkalinity treatment groups, Rhcg1 and Rhcg2 were the most significant (P <0.05) in CA110, indicating that Rhcg1 and Rhcg2 may be Dali Lake Ardisia arundinacea under high alkali stress in the process of ammonia play an important role. Energy metabolism study (O: N) found that Arroyo can achieve the energy requirement under high alkalinity stress without consuming too much energy substance from CA 0 ~ 70, while it is mainly consumed when the alkalinity is 90 ~ 110 Fat and carbohydrate supply, reducing protein energy consumption, in order to reduce the production of toxic ammonia. Based on the above research results, the strategy of ammonia excretion and its possible physiological and molecular mechanisms under high alkali stress were discussed in depth. In order to promote Aristichia alba Arctic fish in different types of saline-alkali waters By the breeding to provide a scientific basis.