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目的 对育龄妇女梅毒感染因素及综合干预效果进行分析, 为梅毒综合防控提供依据.方法 抽取在广州市某区3间医院门诊就诊的常住育龄妇女进行基本情况, 梅毒知识、行为, 感染状况及危险因素调查;对实验组实施梅毒综合干预措施, 随访并比较实验组与对照组、实验组干预前后梅毒知识知晓率、健康行为形成率变化及梅毒感染、先天性梅毒发病情况.结果 共调查3 550人, 梅毒知识知晓率59.83％, 不同户籍类型、职业、文化程度、婚姻状况、经济状况及研究对象类型的知晓率差异有统计学意义 (P=0.000、0.000、0.000、0.001、0.000、0.039);健康性行为率在55.82％～99.74％之间;无吸毒行为;梅毒感染率2.90％;经病例对照和逐步回归分析, 文化程度低、经济状况差、与多人发生性行为、有商业性行为、不害怕安全套在使用过程中破裂或滑脱为梅毒感染的危险因素, 梅毒知识知晓为保护因素.对各实验组实施综合干预后, 实验组与对照组及实验组干预前后的梅毒知识知晓率、健康性行为率均有所上升, 差异均有统计学意义 (P＜0.05);各组梅毒感染率均为0.00％;孕产妇组先天性梅毒发病率为0.00％.结论 不健康性行为、文化程度低、经济状况差是育龄妇女梅毒感染的危险因素;对育龄妇女实施梅毒综合干预措施可提高梅毒知识知晓率、健康行为形成率, 对梅毒防控起到积极作用.“,”Objective To analyze the factors of syphilis infection and the effect of comprehensive intervention in women of childbearing age, and to provide evidences for the comprehensive prevention and control of syphilis. Methods A survey was carried out on women living in residency at the 3 outpatient clinics of in a district of Guangzhou City to investigate the basic situation, syphilis knowledge, behaviors, infection status and risk factors. Comprehensive intervention measures for syphilis were conducted on the test group; follow-up and comparison of test and control groups, the knowledge rate of syphilis, changes in the formation rate of health behaviors, and the incidence of syphilis infection and congenital syphilis before and after intervention were conducted. Results A total of 3 550 people were investigated, while the awareness rate of syphilis knowledge was 59. 83％. The awareness of different types of household registration, occupation, educational level, marital status, economic status and types of subjects (P ＜ 0. 05) was statistically significant (P = 0. 000, 0. 000, 0. 000, 0. 001, 0. 000, 0. 039). The rate of healthy sexual behavior was between 55. 82％ and 99. 74％, with no drug abuse behavior, and the syphilis infection rate was 2. 90％. With the analysis of case-control and stepwise regression, syphilis knowledge was known as protection, while low education level, poor economic conditions, having sexual behavior with many people, commercial sex behavior, and no fear of condom rupture or slippage during the use were risk factors. After implementing comprehensive intervention in each experimental group, the awareness rate of syphilis knowledge and healthy sexual behavior in test group, control group before and after the intervention all increased, the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0. 05); the syphilis infection rate was 0. 00％; and the incidence of congenital syphilis in the maternal group was 0. 00％. Conclusion Unhealthy sexual behavior, low education level, and poor economic status are risk factors for syphilis infection among women of childbearing age. Comprehensive syphilis interventions for women of childbearing age can increase the knowledge rate of syphilis and the formation rate of health behavior, playing a positive role in the prevention and control of syphilis.