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采用土壤培养和盆栽试验相结合的方法,研究了硝化抑制剂双氰胺(DCD)与纳米碳配合施用对尿素和碳酸氢铵在华北平原典型土壤潮褐土中转化的调控效果及其对油菜生长的影响.结果表明:尿素和碳酸氢铵在施入土壤后的2周内,土壤无机氮的供应强度差别较大,2周以后则基本相似.2种氮源对油菜生长及氮素利用的影响在生育前期(播种后34d)差异显著,但最终达到商品生物量收获时,氮源之间差异不大.DCD对尿素和碳酸氢铵在潮褐土中的转化表现出显著的硝化抑制作用,其抑制强度和有效抑制时间随DCD用量的增加而增强,且以对碳酸氢铵施入土壤后的硝化抑制效果更好.在本研究条件下,DCD用量以占肥料纯氮量的1.0%～1.5%相对较佳,可显著提高油菜产量,改善叶色,降低植株硝酸盐含量,提高氮肥利用率.纳米碳与DCD配合施用对土壤铵氧化有明显的协同抑制效果,且可以显著刺激油菜前期的生长发育和氮素利用,降低油菜硝酸盐含量.
The combination of soil culture and pot experiment was used to study the regulation of urea and ammonium bicarbonate on the transformation of typical soil moist brown soil in the North China Plain with the combination of DCD and nano-carbon. The results showed that the supply intensity of soil inorganic nitrogen differed greatly between urea and ammonium bicarbonate within two weeks after being applied to soil and basically similar after two weeks.The growth and nitrogen use efficiency of two nitrogen sources Had a significant difference in the early growth period (34 days after sowing), but no significant difference was found when the commercial biomass was finally harvested.DCD showed significant inhibition of nitrification on the conversion of urea and ammonium bicarbonate in moist cinnamon soil , The inhibition intensity and the effective inhibition time increased with the increase of the amount of DCD, and the nitrification inhibition effect was better after the ammonium bicarbonate was applied to the soil. Under the conditions of this study, the amount of DCD accounted for 1.0 % ~ 1.5% is relatively good, which can significantly increase the yield of rapeseed, improve the leaf color, reduce the nitrate content in plants and improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer.Co-application of nano-carbon and DCD has obvious synergistic inhibitory effect on soil ammonium oxidation, Early rapeseed growth and nitrogen utilization, reduce rape nitrate content.