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目的:研究母乳中多氯联苯的污染水平和特征。方法:母乳经冷冻干燥后,加入同位素内标,经索氏抽提萃取,再经凝胶色谱、酸碱硅胶柱和氧化铝柱净化,用高分辨气相色谱-高分辨磁质谱联用仪测定,同位素内标法定量分析母乳中的多氯联苯残留。结果:母乳中18种PCB的总浓度均值为23881±9718 pg/g lipid(13643～45205 pg/g lipid),毒性当量为3.56±1.06 pg/g lipid(2.92～6.31 pg/g lipid)。PCB-138(37.58%),PCB-153(19.07%),PCB-118(11.79%),PCB-180(7.70%),PCB-105(7.00%)依次是检出浓度最高的前五种单体。结论:绍兴母乳中多氯联苯的含量与国内其它报道的数据比较接近,但显著低于发达国家,推测膳食摄入是人体暴露PCBs的一个主要途径。
Objective: To study the level and characteristics of polychlorinated biphenyls in breast milk. Methods: After the breast milk was freeze-dried, the internal standard was added and extracted by Soxhlet extraction. The milk was purified by gel chromatography, acid-base silica gel column and alumina column, and determined by high resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry , Isotope internal standard quantitative analysis of breast milk in the PCB residues. Results: The total concentration of 18 PCBs in breast milk was 23881 ± 9718 pg / g lipid (13643 ~ 45205 pg / g lipid), and the toxic equivalent was 3.56 ± 1.06 pg / g lipid (2.92 ~ 6.31 pg / g lipid). PCB-153 (19.07%), PCB-118 (11.79%), PCB-180 (7.70%) and PCB- 105 (7.00% body. Conclusion: The content of polychlorinated biphenyls in breast milk of Shaoxing is close to that of other reported data in China, but it is significantly lower than that in developed countries. It is speculated that dietary intake is one of the main ways of PCBs exposure in human.