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目的观察小鼠视网膜光性损伤的组织病理学特点。方法４０只封闭群昆明小鼠在自制的光损伤箱间断光照３天，每天光照前先暗适应１２小时，然后光照１２小时。随机将小鼠分为５组，每组８只，分别在光照后的第１、６、１２、１８和３０天摘取眼球，每个时间点６只动物进行光镜、２只动物进行电镜观察。结果光照后，首先出现感光细胞层的外节盘膜肿胀、碎解及空泡变，内节线粒体肿胀、球形变；随后外核层出现核染色质固缩、液化、空泡变，核膜皱缩、内陷、分离，最后外核层变薄消失；有的标本可见视网膜色素上皮（ｒｅｔｉｎａｌｐｉｇｍｅｎｔｅｐｉｔｈｅｌｉｕｍ，ＲＰＥ）细胞的顶端微绒毛消失，基底皱折变平。结论小鼠视网膜光性损伤的组织病理学特点是感光细胞层的退行性变性。
Objective To observe the histopathological features of retinal photodamage in mice. Methods 40 closed Kunming mice were exposed to self-made photodamaged light box for 3 days. Each day darkness was adapted to light for 12 hours before light exposure for 12 hours. The mice were randomly divided into 5 groups with 8 mice in each group. The eyeballs were taken on the 1st, 6th, 12th, 18th and 30th day after the light exposure. At each time point, 6 animals underwent light microscopy and 2 animals underwent electron microscopy Observed. Results After light irradiation, the outer disk of the photoreceptor cell layer swollen, disintegrated and vacuolar, and mitochondria became swollen and globular in the photoreceptor cell layer. Nuclear chromatin condensation, liquefaction, vacuole change and nuclear membrane Shrinkage, retraction, separation, the final thinning of the outer nuclear layer disappeared; some specimens showed retinal pigment epithelium (retinal pigment epithelium, RPE) cells disappear at the top of the microvilli, basal creases flatten. Conclusion The histopathological features of retinal photodamage in mice are degenerative degeneration of photoreceptor cell layer.