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目的 探讨硅油对人眼内组织毒副作用的发生时间及机制。 方法 对１９例因硅油填充术后严重并发症而摘除的眼球进行组织病理学观察。 结果 在感觉层视网膜、视网膜色素上皮（ｒｅｔｉｎａｌｐｉｇｍ ｅｎｔｅｐｉｔｈｅｌｉｕｍ ，ＲＰＥ）细胞、视神经、视网膜前膜和下膜、虹膜、前房角、以及角膜内皮中均可见硅油小泡或小滴。在硅油填充短于９个月的眼中，硅油小泡仅见于视网膜表面（视网膜前膜及巨噬细胞内）；硅油填充９个月以上的眼中，硅油小泡进入感觉层视网膜内。１例硅油填充３９个月的眼中，视神经间质和蛛网膜下间隙受到硅油小泡弥漫性浸润。 结论 眼内硅油填充术后的并发症与硅油在眼内存留的时间长短有关。
Objective To investigate the timing and mechanism of silicone oil toxicity to human eye tissue. Methods Histopathology was observed in 19 cases of eyeballs removed due to severe complications after silicone oil filling. Results Silicone vesicles or droplets were seen in the sensory retina, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, the optic nerve, the anterior and posterior membranes of the retina, iris, anterior chamber angle, and corneal endothelium. Silicone oil vesicles were found only on the surface of the retina (pre-retinal and macrophage) in the eyes filled with silicone oil for less than 9 months; silicone oil filled the vesicles in the sensory layer within 9 months of eyes. One case of silicone oil filled 39 months eyes, the optic nerve interstitial and subarachnoid space by silicone oil vesicles diffuse infiltration. Conclusion The complications of intra-ocular silicone oil-filled surgery are related to the length of time silicone oil remains in the eye.