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一、国内外受压容器和高压管件事故简况受压容器和管道在制造中存在着不同程度、不同类型的缺陷,这些缺陷直接威胁着设备的安全使用,有的还可能导致爆炸着火事故,造成生命财产损失,后果十分严重。从国内外调查资料来看,由于受压容器和管道的选材或结构设计不当,焊接、热处理等工艺过程处理不好,以及由于材质蠕变、疲劳、腐蚀、应力腐蚀等作用和操作上的种种原因,往往产生裂纹和其他缺陷,然后发展导致破坏事故。这些事故多数属于低应力脆性破裂事故。
First, the domestic and foreign pressure vessels and high pressure pipe accident brief Compression vessels and pipes in the manufacturing there are different levels and different types of defects, these defects directly threaten the safe use of equipment, and some may also lead to an explosion fire accident, resulting in Loss of life and property, the consequences are very serious. According to the survey data at home and abroad, due to improper material selection or structural design of pressure vessels and pipes, poor welding, heat treatment and other processes, as well as the effects of operation and creep, fatigue, corrosion and stress corrosion The causes, often resulting in cracks and other defects, then develop to cause damage to the accident. Most of these accidents are low-stress brittle failure.