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诺贝尔奖自1901年开始颁发以来,几乎绵延了一个世纪。该奖是根据瑞典著名科学家艾尔费雷·诺贝尔的遗嘱设立的,遗嘱是1895年11月27日写成的,当时只设立有物理、化学、生理和医学、文学与和平五种,奖金是把诺贝尔的全部财产作为基金,以基金的利息作为奖金,并把奖金分为五等分,作为上述五种奖的奖金。1969年瑞典的银行又捐了一笔款,仍用诺贝尔的名义,增加了经济学奖。诺贝尔物理学奖、化学奖由瑞典科学院确定;生理学和医学奖由斯德哥尔摩洛林研究所确定;文学奖由斯德哥尔摩科学院确定;和平奖由挪威议会选出的五人委员会确定。
The Nobel Prize has lasted almost a century since it was first published in 1901. The prize is based on the will of the famous Swedish scientist El Ferre Nobel, written on November 27, 1895, at which time only five physical, chemical, physical and medical, literary and peaceful The Nobel’s entire property as a fund, the interest of the Fund as a bonus, and the bonus is divided into five equal points, as a bonus of the above five awards. In 1969, Swedish banks donated a sum of money, still using the name of Nobel, adding the economics prize. The Nobel Prize in Physics, the Chemistry Prize is determined by the Swedish Academy of Sciences; the Physiology and Medicine Prize is determined by the Stockholm Lorraine Institute; the Prize for Literature is determined by the Stockholm Academy of Sciences; and the Peace Prize is determined by the five-member commission elected by the Norwegian Parliament.