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根据文献报告来看,庆大霉素不良反应越来越多,有的甚至很严重,确有必要引起临床医务人员的重视。其不良反应大概可分为四种: 1.毒耳反应:是对第八对脑神经有损害,引起前程系中毒现象,原理都与链霉素相同。常表现为头昏、眩晕、平衡失调、恶心、呕吐,不能起床,有的出现眼球震颤。庆大霉素还可损害耳蜗基底部毛细胞,产生耳蜗系中毒,主要表现为耳鸣、听力减退、甚至耳聋。以上的毒性反应可发生在对其毒性易感性强的患者身上。我院曾收治1例肾盂肾炎的女患青,开始给予口服SMZ1克,二次/日;庆大霉素8万单位肌注,二次/日;维生素B_610毫克3次/日,三天后,头昏、眩晕、不能睁眼,卧床不起,四肢无力,经分析考虑是庆大霉素的毒耳反应,立即停药,改用口服复方维生素B、谷维素、肌注三磷酸腺苷、静脉推注高渗
According to the literature report, more and more adverse reactions of gentamicin, and some even very serious, it is indeed necessary to arouse the attention of clinical medical staff. The adverse reactions can be roughly divided into four types: 1 poisonous reaction: is the eighth pair of cranial nerve damage, causing the phenomenon of poisoning progenitor system, the principle is the same with streptomycin. Often manifested as dizziness, dizziness, balance disorders, nausea, vomiting, can not get up, and some nystagmus. Gentamicin can also damage the basal hair cells of the cochlea, resulting in cochlear poisoning, mainly tinnitus, hearing loss, and even deafness. The above toxic reactions can occur in patients who are highly susceptible to their toxicity. In our hospital, one female suffering from pyelonephritis was admitted to the hospital and began oral administration of SMZ1g twice a day; 80,000 gentamicin intramuscularly, twice daily; vitamin B_610mg 3 times / day, three days later, Dizziness, dizziness, can not open your eyes, bedridden, limb weakness, the analysis considered to be gentamicin poisoning reaction, immediate withdrawal, switch to oral compound vitamin B, oryzanol, intramuscular injection of adenosine triphosphate, high intravenous bolus Infiltration