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本文通过对宝鸡市居民饮自来水和自备井水的人群进行了回顾性和前瞻性调查分析，结果发现：饮自来水与饮未经处理的自备井水有明显的差异。即调查组（饮自来水）肠道传染病发病率为４．２２％和６．８２％，对照组（饮自备井水）发病率为７．７１％和１１．５６％，经卡方检验Ｐ＜０．０５，差异有显著性。从发病病种来看，调查组和对照组均以腹泻为主，其次为痢疾和肝炎。发病率分别是：腹泻，调查组为３５．５９％和６３．００％，对照组为６６．３２‰和１０９．１６‰；痢疾，调查组为２．４９‰和１．７４‰，对照组为７．００‰和４．４０‰；上述病种经卡方检验ｐ＜０．０５，差异有显著性。肝炎，调查组为４．２０‰和３．４７‰，对照组为３．８２‰和２．０７‰，经卡方检验Ｐ＞０．０５，差异无显著性。
In this paper, retrospective and prospective investigations were carried out on residents of Baoji City who drank tap water and self-provided well water. The results showed that there was a significant difference between drinking tap water and untreated self-contained well water. That is, the incidence of enteric infectious diseases in the investigation group (drinking tap water) was 4.22% and 6.82%, and the incidence rate in the control group (drinking self-provided well water) was 7.71% and 11.56%. P<0.05, the difference was significant. From the point of view of the disease, the investigation group and the control group were mainly diarrhea, followed by dysentery and hepatitis. Incidences were: diarrhea, 35.59% and 63.00% in the investigation group, 66.32 and 109.16 in the control group, and 2.49 and 1.74 in the investigation group, respectively. It was 7.00 ‰ and 4.40 ‰. The above-mentioned diseases were p<0.05 by Chi-square test. The difference was significant. Hepatitis was 4.20 ‰ and 3.47 调查 in the investigation group and 3.82 ‰ and 2.07 对照 in the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups after chi-square test (P>0.05).