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自由是现代性的核心观念之一。辛亥革命的理论先导章太炎在与中国传统思想的对话中阐释其自由观,以“无待”来理解形上自由,在“一字千金”的《齐物论释》中,通过“我”之成立及其可破,在确立形上平等的同时也确立了形上自由;在认识论领域,通过和《荀子》、《庄子》、佛学等的对话,章太炎对认识上的自由的获得机制本身、人的认识能力、真理、科学规律等问题,都提出了独到的看法,然而其佛学的立场又有将真实的认识论问题的讨论归结为虚幻的心灵构造的嫌疑;在伦理学领域,章氏讨论了自由人格的培养问题,其核心就在于通过重新解读中国传统思想,从中挖掘出“依自不依他”的原则,并试图复活传统道德条目以应对现代处境。
Freedom is one of the core concepts of modernity. In the dialogue with Chinese traditional thought, the leading chapter of the theory of the Revolution of 1911 expounded its concept of freedom, understood “metaphysical freedom” with “no waiting”, “metaphorical interpretation” of I “and its breakable, established metaphysical freedom at the same time as establishing metaphysical freedom; in the field of epistemology, through the dialogue with Xunzi, Zhuangzi and Buddhism, However, his Buddhist position, however, has attributed the discussion of real epistemological issues to the suspicion of an illusory spiritual structure. In the field of ethics Zhang discussed the issue of how to cultivate free personality. The core of this chapter is to dig out the principle of ”relying on oneself and not one" by reinterpreting Chinese traditional thoughts and try to revive the traditional moral items to cope with the situation in the modern times.