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目的:探讨2009年新型甲型流感病毒(A/H1N1)聚合酶PA、PB1和PB2编码基因的进化规律。方法:从NCBI流感病毒基因数据库下载2009年新型甲型H1N1流行株的PA、PB1和PB2聚合酶编码基因序列以及人、猪和禽流感病毒相应的参考序列,采用Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 4.0(MEGA4.0)软件比对和修剪此次流行株的代表序列及所有参考株序列并构建系统树,再比对和修剪此次流行株的代表序列及人A/H1N1病毒各年代(1918～2008年)参考序列并构建系统树,同时比对此次流行株的代表序列及人A/H1N1各年代(1918～2008年)参考序列编码PB2蛋白的氨基酸序列。结果:不同地区分离的2009年新型甲型H1N1流感病毒的聚合酶PA、PB1和PB2编码基因均具有高度同源性,并聚集在一个独特的进化支上,与猪流感病毒对应基因接近。三者均与2005年美国爱荷华州分离的人A/H1N1病毒基因(A/Iowa/CEID23/2005/H1N1)具有高度的相似性。2009年新型甲型H1N1流感病毒、2005年美国爱荷华州流行的H1N1(DQ889682)病毒PB2蛋白第627位氨基酸与禽类流感病毒相同,均为谷氨酸,而与其他人A/H1N1(1918～2008年)病毒的赖氨酸不同。结论:2009年新型甲型H1N1流感病毒聚合酶基因可能来源于2005年美国爱荷华州分离的人A/H1N1病毒,禽流感病毒可能参与了聚合酶基因的重排过程。
Objective: To investigate the evolution of the PA, PB1 and PB2 genes of novel influenza A virus (A / H1N1) polymerase in 2009. Methods: The sequence of PA, PB1 and PB2 polymerase coding genes and the corresponding reference sequences of human, swine and bird flu viruses were downloaded from the NCBI influenza virus database in 2009 and analyzed by Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 4.0 (MEGA4 .0) software to compare and prune the representative sequence of this epidemic strain and all the reference strains and construct the phylogenetic tree, and then compare and prune the representative sequence of this epidemic strain with those of human A / H1N1 virus (1918 ~ 2008 ) Reference sequence was constructed and the phylogenetic tree was constructed. At the same time, the representative sequences of this epidemic strain and the reference sequence of human A / H1N1 (1918-2008) were used to encode the amino acid sequence of PB2 protein. RESULTS: The PA, PB1 and PB2 genes of the 2009 novel H1N1 influenza virus isolates from different regions were highly homologous and clustered in a unique clade close to that of swine influenza virus. All three were highly similar to the human A / H1N1 virus (A / Iowa / CEID23 / 2005 / H1N1) isolated in 2005 in the U.S. Iowa. 2009 new type A H1N1 influenza virus, the United States in 2005 Iowa epidemic H1N1 (DQ889682) virus PB2 protein amino acid 627 with the same as the bird flu virus, are glutamic acid, and other people A / H1N1 (1918 ~ 2008) virus lysine different. Conclusion: The 2009 novel H1N1 influenza virus polymerase gene may originated from the human A / H1N1 virus isolated in 2005 in Iowa, USA. The avian influenza virus may be involved in the rearrangement of the polymerase gene.