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近年来,临床医生和视觉研究者对婴儿眼科检查怀有越来越大的兴趣。临床报告,早产儿,尤其出生时体重小的婴儿,发生视网膜病变、斜视和弱视的危险较大。除了对婴儿进行外眼和视网膜检查以外,许多临床检查方法,如检查瞳孔反应和眼球运动,均有助于发现视功能不良。客观检查技术的发展不仅有助于检查婴儿的眼部疾病,而且能确定不同年龄的正常视力,以及了解能影响妊娠前后视功能发育的因素。近十年来,请求眼科医生检查新生儿,特别是早产儿,逐渐成为常规。最初的目的是检查视网膜病变,后来逐渐认识到,在婴儿正常发育中存在着“关键”(critical)或“敏感”(sensitive)期。故强调应对眼部作详细检查。视觉发育问题日益引起重视。实验性视觉系统障碍引起的视觉
In recent years, clinicians and visual researchers have become increasingly interested in infant eye exams. Clinical reports, premature babies, especially small babies at birth, have a greater risk of retinopathy, strabismus and amblyopia. In addition to external and retinal examinations of infants, many clinical tests, such as examination of pupillary responses and eye movements, can help detect visual dysfunction. The development of objective examination techniques not only helps to check for eye diseases in infants, but also to determine normal vision of different ages and to understand the factors that affect visual function before and after pregnancy. In the past decade, requesting ophthalmologists to check newborns, especially premature infants, has gradually become routine. The initial purpose was to examine the retinopathy and it was gradually realized that there was a “critical” or “sensitive” period in the normal development of the baby. Therefore, stress should be checked in detail for the eye. Visual development has drawn increasing attention. Visual impairment caused by experimental visual system