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由于爱滋病在毒品依赖人群中的流行,使得已经过十余年争论的美散酮方案(Methadon programm)变得现实起来。根据英国、瑞士及美国的经验,奥地利也发展了美散酮模式。根据1987年公布的有关法律,对确已有鸦片制剂成瘾多年并静脉使用毒品者、多次戒毒治疗无效者允许使用美散酮口服替代或戒除疗法。允许对慢性鸦片制剂成瘾并有艾滋病病毒感染者治疗是另一指征。美散酮方案在奥地利由与戒毒相关的工作人员与药剂师协同进行。一律口服给药,并且只能在下述条件均满足时才能实施:1.必须已观察到患者以往的吸毒方式;2.患者必须受医生的监控(尿监测);3.必要时患者
With the AIDS epidemic among drug-dependent people, the Methadon program that has been debated for more than a decade has become a reality. Based on the experiences of the United Kingdom, Switzerland and the United States, the United States has also developed the Menthroned ketone model. According to the relevant laws promulgated in 1987, those who have been addicted to opiates for many years and intravenous drug use, multiple detoxification treatment is not allowed to use oral or replacement therapy with memantine. Treatment that allows addiction to chronic opiates and has HIV infection is another indication. The methadone program in Austria is coordinated by drug-related staff and pharmacists. Is administered orally and can only be administered if all of the following conditions have been met: 1. The patient’s past pattern of drug use must be observed; 2. The patient must be monitored by a doctor (urinalysis); 3. Patients