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为了提高木质纤维素生物质的甲烷产率,固体厌氧发酵以及预处理技术得到了广泛应用。本研究以水生植物菹草为例,探讨了厌氧固体发酵同步碱处理提高甲烷产率的可行性。采用2种来源的微生物(厌氧污泥和牛粪),初始生物质浓度为20%TS(total solid,总固体重量),考察不同的NaOH添加量(基于反应体系总TS 0%、2.0%、3.5%和5.0%)对菹草厌氧发酵产气和固体水解效率的影响。结果表明,与对照实验组相比,初始NaOH加入量为3.5%时,接种污泥和牛粪的实验组中甲烷总产量分别为787.1 mL和1 165.4 mL,与对照实验组相比(619.1 mL和834.8 mL),分别提高了27.1%和39.6%,而且接种牛粪的实验组中单位挥发性固体(VS)产甲烷率最高,为186.5 mL/g。对发酵后的木质纤维素残渣组分进行分析,结果表明,NaOH有助于促进菹草中纤维素及半纤维素的分解,以及木质素结构的破坏,从而提高了菹草厌氧发酵产气产甲烷效率。
In order to improve the methane yield of lignocellulosic biomass, solid anaerobic fermentation and pretreatment technologies are widely used. In this study, aquatic plant Ephedra as an example, to explore the feasibility of anaerobic solid-state fermentation of alkali treatment to improve methane yield. Using two sources of microorganisms (anaerobic sludge and cow dung), the initial biomass concentration was 20% TS (total solids) and different amounts of NaOH were added (based on total TS 0%, 2.0% 3.5% and 5.0%) on the anaerobic fermentation gas production and solid hydrolysis efficiency. The results showed that compared with the control group, the total methane production was 787.1 mL and 1 165.4 mL, respectively, when the initial NaOH loading was 3.5%, compared with the control group (619.1 mL and 834.8 mL) increased by 27.1% and 39.6% respectively, and the experimental group receiving cow dung had the highest methane yield per unit of volatile solid (VSV) of 186.5 mL / g. The results of the analysis of lignocellulose residues after fermentation showed that NaOH promoted the decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose and the destruction of lignin structure in H.grandis and thus enhanced the anaerobic fermentation gas production Methane production efficiency.