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质点或表面间作用力的计算有重要的理论意义,如对胶体的稳定性理论。同时还需要直接的实验测量数据以检验其正确与否。本文提出了液体介质中两表面间作用力随距离变化的测量装置,取得了初步结果。实验中采用平整的云母片表面,表面间距离在100nm以下。介质为不同浓度(10~(-4)M—1.0M)的KNO_3溶液。用光学干涉法测量表面间距离(测至0.1nm),利用压电晶体和弹簧测出相应的作用力。测量结果表明,相斥力随距离的变化是指数函数关系,且与
Calculations of particle or surface forces have important theoretical implications, such as the colloidal stability theory. Also need direct experimental measurement data to test whether it is correct or not. In this paper, the measuring device for the variation of the force between two surfaces in liquid medium with distance is proposed, and the preliminary results are obtained. In the experiment, the surface of the mica sheet is flat and the distance between the surfaces is under 100 nm. The medium was KNO3 solution with different concentrations (10-4M-1.0M). The distance between the surfaces was measured by optical interferometry (measured to 0.1 nm), and the corresponding force was measured by piezoelectric crystal and spring. The measurement results show that the repulsive force varies exponentially with the distance, and with