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本文对含水层热量输运过程中存在的自然热对流和水－岩热交换作用进行了深入研究，目的是为了弄清两种作用对热量输运的影响。首先针对普通水流方程和热量输运方程的局限性，给出了能够描述这两种作用的新的数学方程，并通过建立一个非线性三维含水层热量输运模型加以实现。然后利用上海第二承压含水层的群井储能试验资料，根据不同的条件进行计算。计算结果与实测数据的对比分析表明，自然热对流通常对含水层的热量输运有明显作用，定量研究时不应忽略；水－岩热交换作用持续时间短，对整个热量输运过程影响较小。
In this paper, the effects of natural convection and water-rock heat exchange in the process of heat transport in aquifers are deeply studied in order to find out the effects of these two effects on heat transport. First of all, aiming at the limitations of ordinary water flow equations and heat transport equations, a new mathematical equation describing these two roles is given, and a nonlinear three-dimensional heat transport model of aquifer is established. Then, using the well test data of the second confined aquifer in Shanghai, the calculation is made according to different conditions. Comparing the calculated results with the measured data, it is found that the natural convection usually plays a significant role in the heat transport in the aquifer, which should not be neglected in the quantitative study. The duration of the water-rock heat exchange is short, which affects the whole heat transport process small.