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社区心理学的研究目标是建立适宜人们生活和发展的社区。社区居民的幸福感不仅是社区心理学的关键参考指标,还是制定政策的重要依据。本研究采用中国公民幸福感指数问卷(RMIWB-CC),调查了来自四川、重庆、河南、山东、吉林5省市723名中国城乡社区居民。研究结果显示,量表总分和各维度得分均高于量表和子维度的中数,也就是说,我国社区居民的整体幸福感水平较高,他们对政治、人际、环境、经济、健康和文化生活都较为满意。相对于政治、经济和文化生活,居民对健康、人际和环境的满意度更高。年龄、职业类型、婚姻状态、个人月收入、家庭年收入、住房类型、身体健康和生活压力是影响城乡社区居民幸福感的因素。未来的社区心理学研究者应当将居民幸福感及其影响因素作为社区研究的出发点和目的。尤其应该考虑到年龄、职业类型和住房状况对于居民幸福感的影响。
The research goal of community psychology is to establish a community suitable for people’s life and development. The happiness of community residents is not only a key reference for community psychology, but also an important basis for formulating policies. This study investigated 723 Chinese urban and rural community residents from 5 provinces and cities of Sichuan, Chongqing, Henan, Shandong and Jilin using the Chinese Citizenship Index (RMIWB-CC) questionnaire. The results show that the total score and the scores of each dimension are higher than the median of the scale and sub-dimension, that is to say, the community residents in our country have a higher overall level of well-being. They have great influence on the political, interpersonal, environmental, economic, Cultural life are more satisfied. Residents are more satisfied with their health, interpersonal and environmental aspects than their political, economic and cultural lives. Age, occupation type, marital status, individual monthly income, family annual income, housing type, physical health and life pressure are the factors that affect the well-being of urban and rural residents. Future community psychology researchers should take residents’ happiness and its influencing factors as the starting point and goal of community research. In particular, the impact of age, type of occupation and housing on the well-being of residents should be taken into account.