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目的了解柳州市农村寄宿制学校学生的膳食营养状况,为开展学生营养干预提供理论依据。方法抽取柳州市农村6所寄宿制中小学校学生6 000名,采用24 h膳食记账和称重相结合的方法进行膳食调查,同时测量学生的身高、体重和血红蛋白含量,评价营养状况。结果柳州市农村寄宿制学校食物品种单一,膳食结构不合理,主要营养素摄取量普遍不足,特别是优质蛋白质、维生素A以及微量元素钙和锌;而食盐摄入严重过量。学生营养不良和较低体重检出率为7.17%和52.32%,贫血患病率为16.39%,除营养不良外,其余均高于全国农村学生平均水平。结论柳州市农村寄宿制学校学生膳食和营养状况不容乐观。营养素摄入量普遍不足,应采取有效措施,促进学生合理膳食,改善其营养状况。
Objective To understand the nutritional status of students in rural boarding schools in Liuzhou and provide a theoretical basis for their intervention. Methods Six thousand students from 6 boarding primary and secondary schools in rural areas of Liuzhou City were sampled. Meal surveys were performed using a combination of 24-hour meal keeping and weighing. The students’ height, weight and hemoglobin content were also measured to evaluate their nutritional status. Results In rural boarding schools in Liuzhou, there was a single breed of food with unreasonable dietary structure. The main nutrient intakes were generally inadequate, especially for high-quality protein, vitamin A and trace elements such as calcium and zinc, while salt intake was excessive. Students malnutrition and lower body weight detection rate was 7.17% and 52.32%, the prevalence of anemia was 16.39%, except for malnutrition, the rest were higher than the national average of rural students. Conclusion The boarding school students in rural areas in Liuzhou City, diet and nutritional status is not optimistic. Nutrient intake is generally inadequate, effective measures should be taken to promote a reasonable diet and improve their nutritional status.