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目的 研究术前口服可乐定复合利多卡因表面喷雾麻醉对气管插管及拔管时的血流动力学影响。方法 ６０ 例喉显微手术病人，随机分成４ 组（ 各１５ 例）：Ⅰ组（ 可乐定５ μｇ／ｋｇ 用生理盐水稀释至５ ｍｌ＋ 利多卡因１ｍｇ／ｋｇ），Ⅱ组（ 可乐定５ μｇ／ｋｇ 用生理盐水稀释至５ ｍｌ），Ⅲ组（ 利多卡因１ ｍｇ／ｋｇ），Ⅳ组（ 生理盐水５ ｍｌ） ，观察各组麻醉诱导气管插管及拔管期间ＨＲ、ＳＢＰ、ＤＢＰ、心率收缩压乘积（ＲＰＰ） 的变化。结果 Ⅳ组的ＨＲ、ＳＢＰ、ＤＢＰ、ＲＰＰ均明显增快和升高，其余３ 组较Ⅳ组升高幅度减小，以Ⅰ组升高幅度最小，与其他３ 组有显著性差异。结论 口服可乐定复合利多卡因表面麻醉能维持气管插管及拔管时的血流动力学稳定。
Objective To study the hemodynamic effects of preoperative oral clonidine plus lidocaine anesthesia on intubation and extubation. Methods Sixty patients undergoing laryngeal microsurgery were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 15 each): group Ⅰ (clonidine 5 μg / kg diluted to 5 ml with lidocaine 1 mg / kg), group Ⅱ (clonidine 5 μg / Kg with saline, diluted to 5 ml), group Ⅲ (lidocaine 1 mg / kg), group Ⅳ (saline 5 ml). The changes of HR, SBP and DBP during tracheal intubation and extubation were observed in each group. Heart rate systolic pressure product (RPP) changes. Results The HR, SBP, DBP and RPP in group Ⅳ were significantly higher and higher than those in group Ⅳ, while those in group Ⅳ were lower than those in group Ⅳ. The increase in group Ⅰ was the smallest, which was significantly different from the other three groups. Conclusion Oral clonidine combined lidocaine anesthesia can maintain the hemodynamic stability of tracheal intubation and extubation.