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目的:探讨重庆市7~16岁儿童青少年代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome,MS)的组分及其影响因素,为有针对性的干预提供流行病学依据。方法:按照整群随机抽样方法抽取重庆市5所中小学7~16岁在校生共4481名进行代谢指标及影响因素问卷调查。按照体质指数(body mass index,BMI)法分为正常组、超重组、肥胖组。对各代谢指标进行分析,对MS影响因素进行Logistic回归分析,并比较MS影响因素的性别差异。结果:(1)重庆地区7~16岁儿童青少年总超重率9.8%,其中男生12.0%,女生7.4%。总肥胖率5.4%,其中男生7.3%,女生3.4%。男生超重率、肥胖率均高于女生(P<0.05)。(2)随着BMI的增加,收缩压、舒张压、甘油三酯、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、腰围有升高的趋势,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈降低趋势(P<0.05)。(3)MS总体检出率为0.45%。肥胖组MS的患病率(6.9%)明显高于超重组(0.5%)和正常组(0.0%)(P<0.05),且男生患病率高于女生(P<0.05)。肥胖儿童MS出现单项异常的检出率依次为高腰围(37.9%)、高甘油三酯(22.7%)、低高密度脂蛋白(19.7%)、高非高密度脂蛋白(7.4%)、高血压(4.4%)、高空腹血浆葡萄糖(2.0%)。(4)MS影响因素logistic回归分析结果显示,有3个因素与MS相关:腰围、每次肉类摄入量、高血脂家族史均与MS的发病率呈正相关。男生高腰围、每次肉类摄入量≥3两检出率高于女生(P<0.05)。结论:MS组分异常已在重庆地区超重肥胖儿童青少年中发生。高腰围、高甘油三酯、低高密度脂蛋白是重庆肥胖儿童最常见的代谢异常,应引起社会的重视。
Objective: To investigate the components and influential factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) in children and adolescents aged 7 ~ 16 in Chongqing, and provide epidemiological basis for targeted intervention. Methods: A total of 4481 undergraduates of 7-16 years old from 5 primary and secondary schools in Chongqing were selected according to the cluster random sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey on metabolic indices and influential factors. According to body mass index (BMI) method, they were divided into normal group, overweight group and obesity group. The metabolic indicators were analyzed, and the influencing factors of MS were analyzed by Logistic regression and the gender differences of MS influencing factors were compared. Results: (1) The total overweight rate of children and adolescents aged 7-16 in Chongqing is 9.8%, of which 12.0% are boys and 7.4% are girls. The total obesity rate was 5.4%, of which 7.3% were for boys and 3.4% for girls. Male overweight rate, obesity rates were higher than girls (P <0.05). (2) With the increase of BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride, cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol and waist circumference increased, while high density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased P <0.05). (3) The overall detection rate of MS was 0.45%. The prevalence of MS in obesity group (6.9%) was significantly higher than that in overweight group (0.5%) and normal group (0.0%) (P <0.05), and the prevalence of male was higher than that of female students (P <0.05). The prevalence of single abnormalities in obese children was high waist circumference (37.9%), high triglyceride (22.7%), low-density lipoprotein (19.7%), high non-high density lipoprotein Blood pressure (4.4%), fasting plasma glucose (2.0%). (4) MS influence factors Logistic regression analysis showed that there were three factors associated with MS: waist circumference, each meat intake, family history of hyperlipidemia were positively correlated with the incidence of MS. Male high waist, each meat intake ≥ 3 two detection rate was higher than girls (P <0.05). Conclusion: Abnormalities of MS components have occurred in overweight and obese children and adolescents in Chongqing. High waist circumference, high triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein is the most common metabolic abnormalities in obese children in Chongqing, should cause social attention.