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探讨低剂量螺旋CT扫描及图像后处理技术在小儿气管、支气管异物术前诊断的临床应用价值。选取临床高度怀疑,X线诊断不甚明确的气管、支气管异物,行螺旋CT轴位扫描及MPR、CTVB图像后处理确诊为气道异物的211例为研究对象。根据CT异物所在气道位置及引起并发症程度建立分型标准,并以支气管镜检术结果为对照,比较各型异物在X线及CT图像后处理前后的诊断准确性差异并分析各型异物特点。I型、II型、III型异物X线、CT轴位、CT轴位加后处理诊断准确率分为:9.52%、64.29%、44.44%;100.00%、93.51%、77.78%;100.00%、98.70%、97.22%。经统计学配对χ2检验,P<0.05,CT轴位加后处理诊断准确率优于前两者。螺旋CT低剂量扫描及后处理技术可作为小儿气道异物阻塞术前检前最安全、最准确、最快捷的筛查的首选手段。
To investigate the clinical value of low-dose spiral CT and post-processing techniques in preoperative diagnosis of pediatric tracheal and bronchial foreign bodies. Totally 211 cases of airway foreign bodies confirmed by clinical suspicion, trachea and bronchial foreign body with unclear X-ray diagnosis, axial scan with helical CT and post-processing of MPR and CTVB images were selected as the research object. According to the location of airway in CT and the degree of complication, the classification criteria were established. The bronchoscopic results were used as a control to compare the diagnostic accuracy of various foreign bodies before and after X-ray and CT imaging. Features. The diagnostic accuracy rates of X-ray, CT axial and CT axial post-processing of type I, II and III foreign bodies were 9.52%, 64.29% and 44.44% respectively; 100.00%, 93.51% and 77.78%; 100.00% and 98.70 %, 97.22%. The statistical matching χ2 test, P <0.05, CT axial post-processing diagnosis accuracy rate is better than the former two. Spiral CT low-dose scanning and post-processing techniques can be used as the most safest, most accurate and quickest screening method for pre-examination of pediatric airway obstruction.