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中国的早期现代化以洋务运动为其开端，继之戊戌变法、辛亥革命掀起政治民主文化的浪潮，但终因封建思想文化的严重阻挠而归于失败。五四新文化运动高举民主、科学两面旗帜，其价值取向在于扫清中国通向现代化道路上的思想文化障碍。在当代，五四时期所祈求的民主与科学，是我国现代化建设事业的基本动力、重要保证和必由之路。
China’s early modernization started with the Westernization Movement, followed by the Reform Movement of 1898 and the Revolution of 1911, which set off a wave of political and democratic culture, but ended in failure due to the serious obstruction of the feudal ideology and culture. The May Fourth New Culture Movement holds high the banner of democracy and science with the value orientation of clearing away the ideological and cultural barriers that China leads to the path of modernization. In the contemporary era, the democracy and science prayed in the May 4th period are the basic impetus, the important guarantee and the only way for the cause of our country’s modernization.