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我国铁路大宗货物运输需求具有普遍性、多样性、时间的不确定性、目的地的不均衡性、运输方式的替代性等特点。铁路大宗货物运输定价的主要影响因素是:运输能力、市场需求、货物运输量、货物运输距离、客户与货物性质、替代运输价格等。针对当前我国铁路大宗货物运输定价中存在的问题,建议通过试行差别定价、以成本核算加强运价监管、提高铁路运价透明度等措施加以解决,以完善我国铁路大宗货物运输定价体系,有效提高铁路大宗货物运输市场竞争力。
The demand for railway bulk cargo transportation in our country is characterized by its universality, diversity, time uncertainty, destination imbalance, and alternative transportation modes. The main factors affecting the railway bulk cargo transportation pricing are: transportation capacity, market demand, cargo transportation, cargo transportation distance, customer and cargo properties, alternative transportation prices. Aiming at the problems existing in the pricing of railway bulk cargo transportation in China, it is suggested to solve this problem through trial differential pricing, cost accounting to strengthen the tariff regulation and increase the transparency of railway tariff so as to improve China’s railway bulk cargo transportation pricing system and effectively improve the railway Bulk cargo transport market competitiveness.