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本文研究了聚乙烯醇(PVA)在水溶液中的超声波降解及与丙烯腈(AN)的共聚反应。结果表明:PVA的降解速率遵循Baramboim动力学方程。改变超声辐照时间或加入PVA水溶液中的AN量,可得到水溶性和水不溶性两类共聚物。用IR、MS、PGC和X—射线衍射研究了共聚物的结构,证明所得产物主要为嵌段共聚物。在2％的PVA/AN(1/1.6,重量比)水溶液中,以21.5kHz、490W的超声波在20±1℃下辐照28分钟,水溶性共聚物产率为25.49％,共聚物中AN含量为13.98％;在相同条件下,对2％的PVA/AN(1/4,重量比)水溶液辐照100分钟,水不溶性共聚物产率为296.01％,共聚物中AN含量为75.56％。
In this paper, the ultrasonic degradation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in aqueous solution and its copolymerization with acrylonitrile (AN) were studied. The results show that the degradation rate of PVA follows the Baramboim kinetic equation. Changing the time of ultrasonic irradiation or adding the amount of AN in the aqueous solution of PVA, water-soluble and water-insoluble copolymers can be obtained. The structure of the copolymer was investigated by IR, MS, PGC and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the obtained product was mainly block copolymer. The water-soluble copolymer yield was 25.49% in an aqueous solution of 2% PVA / AN (1 / 1.6, weight ratio) irradiated with ultrasonic waves of 21.5 kHz, 490 W at 20 ± 1 ° C for 28 minutes, Was 13.98%. Under the same conditions, the water-insoluble copolymer was 296.01% and the content of AN in the copolymer was 75.56% under the same conditions when irradiated with 2% PVA / AN (1/4, weight ratio) aqueous solution for 100 minutes.