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目的了解吉林省调查人群营养健康状况。方法在全国抽样的调查点(白城市洮北区代表中等城市、九台市代表农村),采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,分别抽取3个乡镇(街道),每个乡镇(街道)抽取2个村(居委会),在每个村(居委会)抽取90户家庭为调查样本户,该户所有成员均为调查对象。对540户进行膳食调查,对3 305人进行问卷调查和体格测量,有2 760人测量血压,有1 630人测量血糖、血脂。按照《2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查工作手册》进行调查和分析。结果每标准人日摄入的能量(9343.3 kJ)、蛋白质(61.1 g)、视黄醇当量(118.4μg)、核黄素(0.7 mg)、硫胺素(0.9 mg)、钙(359.2 mg)、铁(19.9 mg)、锌(11.6 mg)、钠(5 329.5 mg),为推荐摄入量的93.0%、87.3%、29.6%、58.3%、44.9%、75%、1.1%、77.3%、242.0%。18岁及以上成人高血压、高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症、低高密度脂蛋白血症、糖尿病患病率分别为22.1%、18.1%、5.1%、9.3%、3.1%。结论吉林省调查人群的膳食结构不尽合理,居民膳食中钠摄入量过高;人群钙、铁、维生素A、核黄素、硫胺素等营养素不能满足需要。18岁及以上成人高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病患病率高于全国2002年平均水平,亟需开展慢性疾病的综合防治工作。
Objective To understand the nutritional status of surveyed population in Jilin Province. Methods A total of 3 towns (streets) were randomly selected from a sampling point of the whole country (middle-level cities in Jubei District of Baicheng City and rural areas of Jiutai City), and 2 Villages (neighborhood committees), in each village (neighborhood) to extract 90 households for the survey sample households, all members of the household are surveyed. A total of 540 households were surveyed, questionnaires and physical measurements were conducted on 3,305 people, with 2,760 people measuring blood pressure and 1,630 people measuring blood glucose and blood lipids. In accordance with the “2002 Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey Manual” for investigation and analysis. Results The energy intake (9343.3 kJ), protein (61.1 g), retinol equivalent (118.4 μg), riboflavin (0.7 mg), thiamine (0.9 mg), calcium (359.2 mg) 93.3%, 87.3%, 29.6%, 58.3%, 44.9%, 75%, 1.1%, 77.3% of the recommended intake for iron (19.9 mg), zinc (11.6 mg) 242.0%. The prevalence rates of hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, low-density lipoproteinemia and diabetes in adults 18 years and older were 22.1%, 18.1%, 5.1%, 9.3% and 3.1%, respectively. Conclusion The dietary structure of the surveyed population in Jilin Province is not reasonable and the dietary sodium intake is too high. The calcium, iron, vitamin A, riboflavin, thiamine and other nutrients in the population can not meet the needs. The prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes in adults 18 years and older is higher than the national average in 2002, and it is urgent to carry out the comprehensive prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.