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本文报道了挪威云杉 (Piceaabies)和杂种落叶松 (Larixdeciduas×L .kaempferi)人工授粉种子诱导胚性细胞系及植株的再生。挪威云杉在德国SaxonOre山区被选为对空气污染有抗性的树种并种植在位于Waldsieversdorf的林木遗传育种研究所的种植园中。对挪威云杉测试了几个不同亲本组合的种子形成胚性细胞系的能力。这些云杉种子于 1992 0 1采收 ,含有干燥的成熟合子胚。作为对照 ,相同的亲本组合云杉种子于1993 0 8和 1998 0 8采收 ,合子胚处于成熟中。杂种落叶松则只有一个人工授粉组合 ,大田试验证实幼苗生长良好。分别于 1995和 1996年采收含有未成熟合子胚的未成熟种子。诱导愈伤形成用附加细胞分裂素 (激动素和 或BAP)和生长素 (NAA ,2 ,4 D)及有机氮源 (水解酪蛋白和谷氨酰胺 )的标准培养基 (SPE和MSG) ,于黑暗下培养。尽管在建立培养体系后 5～ 12周产生了大量胚性愈伤组织 ,诱导率超过 2 5 % ,但 1a后只有超过1%的胚性愈伤组织稳定生长。挪威云杉稳定胚性细胞系的数量与成熟合子胚的采收季节及建立细胞系的时间 (8月或 1月 )无关 ,但在 8月收获的合子胚在挪威云杉 5～ 12周后胚性愈伤组织诱导率要高些 ,然而能在悬浮培养中生长及随后成熟体胚能顺利再生植株的稳定胚性细胞系的数量有限。挪威云杉
In this paper, we report the artificial embryogenesis of Piceaabies and Larixdeciduas × L.kaempferi induced embryogenic cell lines and plant regeneration. Norwegian spruce was selected as an air pollution-resistant tree species in the mountainous region of Saxon-Ore, Germany, and planted in a plantation at the Institute of Tree Genetics and Breeding in Waldsieversdorf. The ability of seeds of several different parents to form embryogenic cell lines was tested on Norwegian spruce. These spruce seeds were harvested in 1992 0 1 and contain dried mature zygotic embryos. As a control, the same parental combination spruce seeds were harvested in 1993 0 8 and 1998 0 8, with zygotic embryos maturing. Hybrid larvae have only one artificial pollination combination and field trials confirm that the seedlings grow well. Immature seeds containing immature zygotic embryos were harvested in 1995 and 1996, respectively. Induction of callus formation Standard medium (SPE and MSG) with additional cytokinins (kinetin and or BAP) and auxin (NAA, 2,4D) and organic nitrogen sources (hydrolyzed casein and glutamine) In the dark culture. Although a large amount of embryogenic callus was produced 5 to 12 weeks after establishment of the culture system, the induction rate exceeded 25%, but only more than 1% of embryogenic callus grew steadily after 1a. The population of Norwegian spruce stable embryogenic cell lines is not related to the harvest season of mature zygotic embryos and the time of establishment of the cell line (August or January), but the zygotic embryos harvested in August after 5 to 12 weeks of Norwegian spruce The induction rate of embryogenic callus is higher, however, the number of stable embryogenic cell lines that can grow in suspension culture and then mature somatic embryo can regenerate plants is limited. Norwegian spruce