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在深度大,矿山地质条件复杂的情况下,回采工作面的正常生产在很大程度上取决于顶板岩石状态。片邦和冒顶导致回采工作面综机的停工、劳动效率和安全程度的降低。为防止回采工作面发生冒顶,用化学凝固剂对不稳固的岩石进行超前加固。而聚安基甲酸就是一种最有效的化学凝固剂。 在西德矿井中广泛采用聚氨基甲酸加固裂缝岩体。仅1981年在鲁尔矿区就用了1万4千吨聚氨基甲酸。 聚氨基甲酸是在混合聚异氰酸盐(полиизоцианам)和聚脂时产生化学反应所形成的产物。当它处在凝固状态时,呈多孔状并具弹性塑性。在凝固过程中,聚氨基甲酸呈现出同岩石和煤炭的高粘着度。由于这种物质粘性及弹性塑性大,因而压缩性很小,这样就能在开采工作引起的各种变形条件下固结岩石。 在别尔格巴乌福尔顺格研究所(西德埃
In the case of large depth and complex geological conditions of the mine, the normal production of the mining face depends to a large extent on the rock status of the roof. Chip-boarding and roof caving led to the closure of the working face of comprehensive mechanization, labor efficiency and safety reduced. In order to prevent the occurrence of roof collapse in the mining face, the chemical coagulant is used to advance the unstable rock. And polyamic acid is one of the most effective chemical coagulant. In the West German mine widely used polyurethane reinforcement crack rock. In 1981 alone in the Ruhr mining area on the use of 14,000 tons of polyurethane. Polycarbamic acid is the product of the chemical reaction that occurs when mixing polyisocyanates with polyesters. When it is in a solidified state, it is porous and elastic plastic. In the solidification process, polyurethane shows a high degree of adhesion with rock and coal. Because of its high viscoelasticity and elastic plasticity, it is less compressible so that rock can be consolidated under various deformations caused by the mining operation. In the Bergeba Ufo Shun Ge Institute (West Germany