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目的了解扬州地区心房颤动(AF)患者流行病学特征及治疗现状。方法对2005～2008年扬州市苏北人民医院诊断AF患者1172例住院患者进行回顾性分析和统计。结果患者中位年龄69岁,男女比例1.07∶1.00。AF病因及相关因素统计(单项%)分别为老年64.8%、高血压49.0%、冠心病51.9%、风湿性瓣膜病15.6%、甲状腺机能亢进1.8%、特发性AF0.8%、心肌病11.1%和糖尿病8.4%;心房增大65.3%,射血分数降低28.0%;阵发性AF28.1%,持续性AF42.2%,永久性AF29.8%。阵发性AF3%采用节律控制治疗,57.4%采用心室率控制治疗,药物以β受体阻滞剂、地高辛最多,其次为胺碘酮;慢性AF75.3%接受心室率控制治疗,常用药物为地高辛、β受体阻滞剂及钙拮抗剂等;脑卒中患病率10.4%;非瓣膜病AF者脑卒中危险因素与AF类型、心房大小无显著相关,而与高龄、高血压、性别密切相关;接受抗血栓治疗79.1%(抗血小板68.3%、抗凝10.3%)。结论扬州地区AF患者在年龄分布、病因及相关因素、AF类型、脑卒中危险因素等流行病学特点与国内外报道相似;多数AF患者采用心室率控制和以抗血小板治疗为主的抗血栓治疗。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) in Yangzhou area. Methods A retrospective analysis and statistics of 1172 inpatients with AF in Yangzhou SuBei People’s Hospital from 2005 to 2008 were conducted. Results The median age of patients was 69 years old, male to female ratio 1.07: 1.00. The causes and related factors of AF (single item%) were 64.8% in elderly, 49.0% in hypertension, 51.9% in coronary heart disease, 15.6% in rheumatic valvular disease, 1.8% in hyperthyroidism, 0.8% in idiopathic AF, 11.1% in cardiomyopathy % And diabetes 8.4%; atrial enlargement 65.3%, ejection fraction decreased 28.0%; paroxysmal AF28.1%, persistent AF42.2%, permanent AF29.8%. Paroxysmal AF3% with rhythm control treatment, 57.4% with ventricular rate control treatment with drugs β-blockers, digoxin up, followed by amiodarone; chronic AF75.3% accepted ventricular rate control treatment, commonly used Drugs for digoxin, β-blockers and calcium antagonists, etc .; stroke prevalence rate of 10.4%; non-valvular disease risk factors for AF and AF type, atrial size was not significantly related to the elderly, high Blood pressure, gender are closely related; antithrombotic treatment of 79.1% (anti-platelet 68.3%, anticoagulant 10.3%). Conclusions The epidemiological characteristics of AF patients in Yangzhou area are similar to those reported in China and abroad in terms of age distribution, etiology and related factors, AF type and stroke risk factors. Most AF patients adopt ventricular rate control and antithrombotic therapy with antiplatelet therapy .