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T2DM是以IR和胰岛β细胞功能衰竭为主要病理生理基础的慢性代谢性疾病。胰岛β细胞凋亡增加和去分化均是导致胰岛β细胞功能衰竭的机制。但近年来研究显示,胰岛β细胞去分化可能较细胞凋亡在T2DM中更为重要。叉头框转录因子O亚族1(FoxO1)缺乏是导致胰岛β细胞去分化主要原因。而进一步研究发现,胰岛β细胞去分化的过程是可逆的,这为预防和治疗T2DM提供更多的思路和可能。
T2DM is a chronic metabolic disease based on IR and pancreatic β-cell failure as the main pathophysiology. Increased apoptosis and dedifferentiation of pancreatic β-cells are the mechanisms that lead to islet β-cell failure. However, recent studies have shown that the dedifferentiation of pancreatic β-cells may be more important than apoptosis in T2DM. Forkhead box transcription factor O1 (FoxO1) deficiency is the leading cause of pancreatic β-cell dedifferentiation. Further study found that the process of islet β-cell dedifferentiation is reversible, which provides more ideas and possibilities for the prevention and treatment of T2DM.