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花生是山东省的重要油料作物,播种面积约占全国25％,产量约占全国35％,出口约占全国70％左右。花生单产、总产均居全国首位。因此,山东省花生生产,对国内油脂供应,增加农民收入,扩大出口创汇,都具有十分重要意义。 建国以来,山东省通过衣家品种的整理、评选、系统选种、引种鉴定及杂交育种等方法,先后推广几十个品种,使本省花生品种实现了四次更换。每次品种更换都使花生生产有较大发展(表1)。尤其近几年在富民兴鲁和改革开放方针的指导下,1987年我省花生单产创历史最高水平。全省播种面积达1148.56万亩,平均单产200公斤,总产22.98亿公斤。
Peanut is an important oilseed crop in Shandong Province. Its sown area accounts for about 25% of the national total, its output accounts for about 35% of the national total, and its export accounts for about 70% of the national total. Peanut yield, total output ranks first in the country. Therefore, the peanut production in Shandong Province is of great significance to the supply of domestic oil, increasing farmers’ incomes and expanding export earnings. Since the founding of the People’s Republic, Shandong Province has promoted dozens of varieties through arranging, selecting, selecting, selecting, selecting, crossing, breeding and breeding methods of the clothing varieties in Shandong Province so that the peanut varieties in the province have been replaced four times. Peanut production has been greatly improved each time the variety is changed (Table 1). Especially in recent years, guided by the policy of enriching the people and reforming and opening to the outside world, the yield of peanut in Shaanxi Province hit a record high in 1987. The sown area of the province reached 11,485,600 mu, with an average yield of 200 kg and a total output of 2.298 billion kg.