【摘 要】
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Gene expression involves a three-step process including transcribing precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs) from DNA templates by RNA polymerase Ⅱ (Pol Ⅱ),proce
【机 构】
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Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4
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Gene expression involves a three-step process including transcribing precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs) from DNA templates by RNA polymerase Ⅱ (Pol Ⅱ),processing pre-mRNAs into mature mRNAs,and translating mature mRNAs into proteins (Bentley,2014).The maturation of pre-mRNAs entails 5end capping,pre-mRNA splicing,3end processing,and RNA modification (Bentley,2014).Pre-mRNA splicing is a two-step transesterification reaction,catalyzed by the spliceosome in recognizing various sequence motifs in pre-mRNAs including 5and 3splice sites,branch points,polypyrimidine tracts,and other splicing regulatory elements (Herzel et al.,2017).For a long time,transcription and splicing steps were considered independent since both reactions could be reconstituted in vitro,respectively.However,new imaging and next-generation sequencing methods have revealed that both transcription and splicing occur simultaneously rather than sequentially in vivo,whereas previous studies in yeast and animals suggested that pre-mRNA splicing is mainly co-transcriptional instead of post-transcriptional (Bentley,2014).
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