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In recent years,the research community in China has launched five campaigns against research misconduct.The first one started at the tu of this century and enabled whistleblowers to flag fabrication,falsification and plagiarism violations during promotions and in talent reviews.Investigations would proceed when the allegation contained verifiable details.Clear signals were sent to researchers,who took the chance of ‘not getting caught.The second campaign started around 2005 and sought to eliminate duplicate submissions for publication in a different language.In 2007,the Chinese Medical Association established the rule of no duplicate publication in a different language.