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【摘要】汞是一種化学元素，俗称水银，它的原子序数是80，被广泛应用于生活中，是一种很重、银白色的液态过渡金属。不但极易蒸发，而且很容易经过人体呼吸道、胃肠道或皮肤吸收而引起中毒。汞经皮肤等吸收易导致慢性汞中毒，口服后易引起急性中毒。中毒患者轻者出现头昏、头痛、纳差、乏力和失眠等，严重者出现口腔和咽喉灼痛，并有恶心、呕吐、腹痛、继有腹泻，金属味口臭，呼吸困难、心脏损害、急性肾功能衰竭、周围循环衰竭和胃肠道穿孔等危及生命，呕吐物和粪便中常伴有血性粘液和脱落的坏死组织。抢救关键在于不断变化患者体位，使水银在肠内流动，达到最终从直肠排出的目的。我科于2010年11月23日成功抢救1例因口服500ml水银汞中毒的病人。现介绍如下。
【关键词】汞中毒;护理;急性中毒;呼吸困难;体位变化;成功抢救
【中图分类号】R595.2【文献标识码】B【文章编号】1008-6455（2011）10-0359-01【Abstract】Mercury is a kind of chemical element, commonly known as mercury, its atomic order number is 80. It is a kind of very heavy, silvery white liquid transition metal. Mercury has been widely applied to life, not only extremely easy evaporation and easily through human respiratory tract, gastrointestinal or skin to absorb and causes poison. The skin absorbing easily lead to chronic mercury poisoning, after orally easily causes acute poisoning. Poisoning person were light person appear dizziness, headache, taking in NaCha, fatigue, insomnia, closed up the mouth and throat burn, and has nausea, vomiting, stomachache, diarrhea, afterwards has metallic taste and bad breath, heart damage, acute renal failure, peripheral circulation failure and gastrointestinal perforation life-threatening and vomit and feces often associated with hemorrhagic mucus and the loss of the necrotic tissue. Puring curing,the key step is constantly. Chang the patient’s body positon to let the Mercury flow in the patient’s. tharm till at lost the Mercury is got rid of from the patient’s body.
【Key words】Mercury poisoning; Nursing; Acute poisoning; Breathing difficulties; Posture change; Successful rescue
【关键词】汞中毒;护理;急性中毒;呼吸困难;体位变化;成功抢救
【中图分类号】R595.2【文献标识码】B【文章编号】1008-6455（2011）10-0359-01【Abstract】Mercury is a kind of chemical element, commonly known as mercury, its atomic order number is 80. It is a kind of very heavy, silvery white liquid transition metal. Mercury has been widely applied to life, not only extremely easy evaporation and easily through human respiratory tract, gastrointestinal or skin to absorb and causes poison. The skin absorbing easily lead to chronic mercury poisoning, after orally easily causes acute poisoning. Poisoning person were light person appear dizziness, headache, taking in NaCha, fatigue, insomnia, closed up the mouth and throat burn, and has nausea, vomiting, stomachache, diarrhea, afterwards has metallic taste and bad breath, heart damage, acute renal failure, peripheral circulation failure and gastrointestinal perforation life-threatening and vomit and feces often associated with hemorrhagic mucus and the loss of the necrotic tissue. Puring curing,the key step is constantly. Chang the patient’s body positon to let the Mercury flow in the patient’s. tharm till at lost the Mercury is got rid of from the patient’s body.
【Key words】Mercury poisoning; Nursing; Acute poisoning; Breathing difficulties; Posture change; Successful rescue