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建国以来,我们在如何正确地对待物质利益和道德规范以及两者之间的关系问题上,往往摇摆不定,有的时候强调道德规范而忽视物质利益,有的时候又相反。这种片面地强调其中某一个方面,所带来的严重社会后果是有目共睹的。此外近年来在学术界有一种相当流行的观点,将中国历史上的贵义贱利当作中国封建经济思想的教条之一,并认为这是使得中国封建社会长期停滞不前的一个重要原因。此说似亦有可斟酌之处。 (一) 在中国历史上,人们对于义和利——道德规范和物质利益之间的关系的认识,有一个由模糊到比较明确,由浅到深,由片面到比较全面的过程。同时由于阶级的分野和哲学观点上的歧异,在对于这种关系的认识上又形成不同的流派。远在西周之前,人们(主要是奴隶主阶级的统治者)可能已经开始意识到物质
Since the founding of the People's Republic, we often waver over how to properly treat material interests and moral norms and the relationship between the two. At other times, we emphasize moral norms and ignore the material interests, and sometimes they are the opposite. This one-sided emphasis on one of these aspects brings about serious social consequences that are obvious to all. In addition, in recent years there has been a fairly popular view in academia that one of the dogma of China's feudal economic thinking is one of the dogma of China's feudal economic thinking. This is an important reason for the long-term stagnation of the feudal society in China. This may seem to be discretionary. (1) In the history of China, people's understanding of the relationship between justice, morality and morality and the material interests has a process from vague to clear, from shallow to deep and from one-sided to more comprehensive. At the same time, because of differences in class and philosophical perspectives, they also formed different schools of thought on this relationship. As far back as the Western Zhou Dynasty, people (mainly rulers of the slave-owner class) may have begun to realize that matter