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我国北方有许多含沙量较高的河流,中小型水库的淤积问题严重。实践表明:多沙河流水库在调节迳流的同时,必须考虑调节泥沙,否则水库会很快被泥沙淤废而失去调节迳流的作用。此外,排出水库的浑水如何处理也是个重要问题,若处理不当,势将导致下游河道或水库的严重淤积。我国科技人员与广大群众相结合,通过实践、认识、再实践、再认识,逐步摸索到一套合理调节水、沙,并结合下游引洪淤灌的水库泥沙处理办法,既减缓了水库淤积,又利用了水沙资源,促进了农业生产。本文介绍了这方面的经验。主要内容有河流水文泥沙特征、水库淤积概况、水库防淤排沙措施及出库浑水的利用技术等。
There are many rivers with high sediment concentrations in northern China, and siltation of small and medium-sized reservoirs is serious. Practice shows that: when adjusting the flow of sand stream, the Dousha River Reservoir must consider adjusting the sediment, otherwise the reservoir will soon be dredged by sediment and lost the function of regulating the flow of water. In addition, how to dispose of the muddy water discharged from the reservoir is also an important issue. If not handled properly, the situation will lead to serious siltation of downstream rivers or reservoirs. Through a combination of scientific and technological personnel of our country and the broad masses of the people, a set of measures to properly adjust water and sand and to combine sediment disposal in reservoirs with silt irrigation downstream has been gradually found through practice, understanding, re-practice and re-understanding, which not only alleviates reservoir siltation , But also the use of water and sediment resources, and promote agricultural production. This article describes this experience. The main content of the river hydrological and sediment characteristics, reservoir siltation profile, silt sediment prevention measures and out of the library muddy water utilization technology.