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目的了解新疆克拉玛依市中、小学学生肺结核病的疫情特点,为学校结核病防治工作提供依据。方法收集2005—2013年克拉玛依市中、小学学生肺结核病资料,采用回顾性调查的方法进行描述流行病学分析。结果2005—2013年共发现46例学生肺结核病患者,其中高中学生25例(54.35%)、初中学生18例(39.13%)、小学学生3例(6.52%),男生15例、女生31例、男女性别比为1∶2.06,年龄9~19岁,平均年龄16岁;痰菌阳性和阴性患者例数均为23例;初治患者45例(97.80%),复治涂阳患者1例(2.20%);46例患者均为Ⅲ型肺结核病患者;初治涂阳肺结核病患者治愈率95.45%,新发涂阴患者完成治疗率100.00%。结论克拉玛依市高中学生肺结核病患者比例较高,其中女生患者多于男生,患者以初治涂阳肺结核病为主;治疗效果较好是克拉玛依市中小学学生肺结核病的特点。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis among primary and secondary school students in Karamay, Xinjiang, and to provide basis for the prevention and control of tuberculosis in schools. Methods Pulmonary tuberculosis data of primary and secondary school students in Karamay from 2005 to 2013 were collected and retrospectively surveyed to describe the epidemiological analysis. Results A total of 46 students with pulmonary tuberculosis were found in 2005-2013, including 25 high school students (54.35%), 18 middle school students (39.13%), 3 primary school students (6.52%), 15 boys and 31 girls, The male-to-female sex ratio was 1: 2.06, the age ranged from 9 to 19 years, with an average age of 16 years. The number of sputum positive and negative patients was 23 cases. The initial treatment was 45 cases (97.80%), 2.20%). All 46 patients were type III pulmonary tuberculosis patients. The cure rate of newly diagnosed smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients was 95.45%, and the new smear negative patients completed the treatment rate of 100.00%. Conclusions There is a high proportion of pulmonary tuberculosis among high school students in Karamay City, of which there are more female students than boys and the majority are smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis. The better therapeutic effect is pulmonary tuberculosis among primary and secondary school students in Karamay.