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用乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）体外感染正常人骨髓中的淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞和单核细胞。从６ｈ至３周的６个不同时期的动态观察发现：细胞内乙型肝炎核心抗原（ＨＢｃＡｇ）阳性率表明３种细胞均受到不同程度的感染，但以中性粒细胞和单核细胞最为敏感，其次为淋巴细胞，３者之间有统计学差异（Ｐ＜０．０５或０．０１），并发现病毒感染程度随细胞增殖和时间的延长而增强，无吞噬能力的淋巴细胞亦是如此。透射电镜观察感染后的中性粒细胞，６ｈ就出现线粒体和内质网的空泡变和髓样变性，２４ｈ细胞膜破裂，７２ｈ细胞表面重度破坏。表明病毒感染细胞有２种途径，其一为病毒主动侵犯细胞，其二为细胞吞噬病毒。在不同时期培养的上清液中均可较长时期检测到乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原（ＨＢｓＡｇ）、乙型肝炎病毒ｅ抗原（ＨＢｅＡｇ）和乙型肝炎病毒ＤＮＡ（ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ）。
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) in vitro infection of normal human bone marrow lymphocytes, neutrophils and monocytes. From 6h to 3 weeks of 6 different periods of dynamic observation found that intracellular hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) positive rate of all three kinds of cells were infected to varying degrees, but the most sensitive to neutrophils and monocytes , Followed by lymphocytes, there was a statistically significant difference between the three (P <0.05 or 0.01), and found that the degree of viral infection increased with cell proliferation and prolongation of time, as is the case of non-phagocytic lymphocytes . Transmission electron microscopy of infected neutrophils, 6h appeared mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum vacuoles and myeloid degeneration, 24h membrane rupture, 72h cell surface severe damage. It shows that there are two ways for the virus to infect the cells: one is the virus actively invades the cells and the other is the phagocytic virus. Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg), Hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg) and Hepatitis B virus DNA (HBV-DNA) can be detected in the supernatant cultured in different periods.