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对于河道工程技术人员和管理人员来说,能否精确地予测出洪水波运动是极其重要的,因此,在水工结构设计,河道整治工作和防洪规划中,必须对水位和流量有所了解。多年来人们在洪水演算和河工模拟试验方面所作的大量研究工作就反映出这点。圣维南为描述渐变不稳定流所导出的基本连续方程和动力方程,已问世百年有余。洪水演算实质上就是解上述两类方程,人们为此所提出的方法众多,形形色色。由于这类方程错综复杂,且其数学处理困难,致使
For river engineering technicians and managers, it is extremely important to accurately predict the wave motion of floodwaters. Therefore, it is necessary to know the water level and flow rate in the design of hydraulic structures, river regulation work and flood control planning . This is reflected in the large amount of research done by people in flood calculations and river simulation tests over the years. For more than a century, Saint-Venant has come out to describe the basic continuous and dynamic equations derived from a gradient-instable flow. Flood calculation is essentially solving the above two kinds of equations, and many people put forward many methods for this purpose. Due to the complexities of these equations and their mathematical processing difficulties, resulting