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[目的]研究杂交中稻组合的耐旱性与植株地上部性状的关系,以期为抗旱水稻品种的选育提供理论和实践依据。[方法]2011年以30个杂交中稻组合为材料进行大田试验,设置3个不同处理:分蘖期干旱、穗分化期干旱和对照(全生育期保持浅水层),测定水稻的主要农艺性状,并计算各品种的抗旱指数。2012年以16个杂交中稻组合为材料,进行钵栽试验,设置干旱和对照两个处理,并测定水稻的主要农艺性状,并计算各品种的抗旱指数。[结果]分蘖期干旱土壤含水量达近60%,穗分化期干旱土壤含水量达近80%时,均极显著降低水稻产量。大穗和发根力强的组合,穗分化期抗旱能力强;干旱处理下产量越高的组合抗旱能力越强。分蘖期抗旱指数与穗分化期的抗旱指数无相关性。在水种条件下,千粒重较低的组合抗旱能力较强;在受旱条件下,千粒重低和产量高的组合抗旱能力强。[结论]筛选出了较强抗旱能力组合有:D优6511、泰优99、内5优317、内香优18号、宜香优7633、天优华占、II优615、内香5306、川谷优7329、内香7539,可供生产上作为抗旱栽培的优选品种。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the relationship between drought tolerance of mid-season hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) and above-ground part traits and provide theoretical and practical basis for the breeding of drought-resistant rice varieties. [Method] With 30 hybrid mid-rice combinations as test materials, three different treatments were set up in 2011: drought at tillering stage, drought at ear stage and control (keeping shallow layer during the whole growth period), and determining the main agronomic traits of rice Calculate drought resistance index of all varieties. In 2012, 16 hybrid mid-rice cultivars were used as experimental materials. Pot experiments were carried out. Two treatments of drought and control were set up. The main agronomic traits of rice were determined, and the drought resistance index of each variety was calculated. [Result] When the water content of arid soil reached nearly 60% at tillering stage and the water content of arid soil reached nearly 80% at ear stage, the yield of rice was significantly reduced. The combination of big spike and hairy root had strong ability of drought-resistance during spike differentiation stage, and the stronger the drought-resistant combination with higher yield. There was no correlation between the drought resistance index at tillering stage and the drought index of spike differentiation. Under water conditions, the combinations with lower 1000-grain weight had better drought resistance ability. Under drought conditions, the combinations with low 1000-grain weight and high yield had strong drought resistance ability. [Conclusion] The combinations with strong drought resistance were screened out as follows: D You 6511, Taiyou 99, Nei Youyou 317, Nei Xiang You 18, Yixiangyou 7633, Tianyuhua Zhan, II You 615, Neihuang 5306, Kawatani 7329, incense 7539, available for production as a drought-resistant varieties of cultivation.