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线粒体是一种重要的细胞器,对细胞的存亡起着至关重要的作用,与细胞凋亡和分化、机体衰老、老年痴呆、癌症等密切相关。同时线粒体内许多活性小分子对生命过程也起着至关重要的影响,其中线粒体内巯基分子,如半胱氨酸、高半胱氨酸和还原谷胱甘肽等,在细胞生理和病理过程中发挥着重要作用。因此,可视化监测线粒体自身及内部巯基分子对于生命现象的研究以及疾病的诊断与治疗具有重要的科学意义。荧光分析法具有灵敏度高、选择性好、检测成本低以及对生物体损伤小等优点而得到了广泛的研究和应用。双光子荧光探针技术具有高度的三维空间选择性、大的穿透深度、避免荧光漂白和光致毒以及降低组织自发荧光干扰等特点,为生命科学的研究提供了重要工具。介绍了有机单光子和双光子线粒体以及线粒体巯基荧光探针的研究现状,同时展望了它们今后的研究方向。
Mitochondria is an important organelle and plays an important role in the survival of cells. It is closely related to apoptosis and differentiation, body aging, dementia and cancer. At the same time, many small molecules in the mitochondria play an important role in the process of life, including mitochondrial sulfhydryl molecules such as cysteine, homocysteine and reduced glutathione, etc., in the cell physiology and pathology In playing an important role. Therefore, visual monitoring of mitochondria itself and internal thiol molecules for the study of life phenomena and disease diagnosis and treatment of great scientific significance. Fluorescence analysis has been widely studied and applied with the advantages of high sensitivity, good selectivity, low detection cost and small damage to organisms. Two-photon fluorescence probe technology has a high degree of three-dimensional spatial selectivity, large penetration depth, to avoid fluorescence bleaching and light-induced toxicity and reduce tissue autofluorescence interference and other characteristics for the life science research provides an important tool. The research status of organic single-photon and two-photon mitochondria and mitochondrial thiol fluorescence probe are introduced, and their future research directions are also prospected.