一位“很有爱”的数学老师

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  談到学数学这个话题,小编可是深有体会。从小到大,小编学得最烂的一门学科就是数学。我也承认,我有“猪一般”的头脑,但是更可怕的是,我有“虎一般”凶狠严厉的数学老师。每一次考试不及格,我都会被她叫到办公室“语重心长”长达一个小时。最后的最后,小编我也没有因为这位数学老师的“谆谆教导”学出个样子来,而是从理科班灰溜溜地转去了文科班~~想起来就无比心酸啊~要是小编我当年也能遇到文章中所说那么“有爱”的数学老师,也许前途会是一片光明呢。
  Melissa Block (Host): Sarah Hagan teaches math without books and with color and things you can hold. She gets the kids in her classes out of their seats. Sarah Hagan is just 25 years old, a high school teacher in Oklahoma. NPR’s Cory Turner went to meet her and see her passion for math in action.
  Cory Turner (Byline): It’s easy to miss Drumright, Okla. Less than 3,000 people now live in the faded oil town, and the highway humps right around it. There are no stop lights, no movie theater or bowling alley anymore, just a clutch of small houses and hearty businesses. There’s a funeral home and a Family Dollar and a Dollar General. That makes it hard enough to attract good teachers, says Judd Matthes, the principal at Drumright High School. But it gets worse.
  Judd Matthes: We don’t pay a lot (laughter) in Oklahoma for beginning teachers. If you go next-door to Arkansas, they’re about $10,000-a-year starting salary difference.
  Turner: Which made him wonder why a National Merit Scholar, who’d gotten a full ride to the top-notch University of Tulsa, would want to start her teaching life in a place like Drumright, earning just over $30,000 a year. Sarah Hagan’s answer…
  Sarah Hagan: Well, they offered me a job, and it was April and I hadn’t graduated yet. And they said come work here.
  Turner: That was three years ago.
  Hagan: The first time I saw my classroom, it was the most depressing thing I’d ever seen. The walls weren’t all painted one color. There was no dry-erase board. There were no bulletin boards.
  Turner: And the floorboards did this.
  (Soundbite of floor creaking)
  Turner: They still do that, but the rest of the room is now a riot of color. Decorations hang wall-to-wall, floor-to-ceiling, and after each school year, Hagan tears them all down and starts over. Again, Principal Matthes.
  Matthes: It’s real bright.(laughter) When I walked in this summer, I said, whoa, you went and decorated, didn’t you? And she’d spent all summer decorating her room.
  Turner: To Hagan, visuals matter. She has a math jewelry collection, including a necklace with a pi-shaped pendant—as in 3.14. More importantly, she’s remarkably self-assured. When she arrived at Drumright, the school had ordered new textbooks, but Hagan had already decided as a student teacher that she wasn’t gonna use textbooks.   Hagan: I don’t want to be stifled by that. I mean, I teach a lot of things in totally different order than a textbook would. Turner: To her, the average math book was itself a problem to be solved.
  Hagan: So I decided we were gonna make our own textbooks.
  Turner: She didn’t tell anyone that. She just left the new books in their boxes. Instead, in a trigonometry lesson, she uses stuff like this…
  Hagan: My flowerpot over there’s a circle.
  Turner: And this…
  Hagan: I have a roll of tape that’s a circle.
  Turner: And my personal favorite…
  Hagan: OK. So is our spaghetti gonna be able to be the length of the radius of our hula hoop?
  Turner: Yeah, spaghetti—it’s all part of Hagan’s DIY approach to learning. As for the textbooks they make, they start as blank composition notebooks. Each day, Hagan hands out a lesson she’s written herself or open-sourced from other teachers. It’s usually printed on colored paper and requires some kind of hands-on work—drawing,coloring, cutting out a puzzle in algebra.
  Hagan: OK. So let’s cut as much as we talk.
  Turner: There’s even some basic origami. Students then glue the results into their notebooks. Eventually, the books look like some dog-eared, bulging relics from an Indiana Jones movie. Hagan argues, if students are allowed to be creative, they’re more likely to remember what they’ve learned.
  Hagan: The point is that we shouldn’t have to be like, oh, yeah, there’s that chart on page 763 that tells me how to, you know, classify something. They should think, oh, that’s on that blue paper that we did a few days ago and I doodled in the corner or whatever.
  Turner: When I visit Hagan’s morning Algebra I class, the handout is orange.
  Hagan: So you need to put a four in the circle where it says unit. And our title of our unit is “Polynomials.”
  Turner: And it’s important, Hagan tells them, not to let wrong answers linger.
  Jake Williams: She really tricks us into learning.
  Turner: Sophomore Jake Williams.
  Jake: There’s so much fun involved in the classroom and, actually, the learning part that we actually understand it and grasp it.
  Krissy Hitch: You do, like, puzzles and, like, all kinds of stuff. So it doesn’t even really seem like you’re learning. But then when you take the test, you realize—you’re like, wait, when did I even learn all of this stuff? Like, where did that even come from?   Turner: That’s senior Krissy Hitch. And junior Taylor Russell came in a skeptic.
  Taylor Russell: I have never, ever liked math, but this year, I really love math.
  Turner: Making it fun matters. In Oklahoma, algebra is high-stakes. If you can’t pass the state test, you can’t graduate. Hagan even changed her grading system to make sure students know the math. Here’s junior Ainsley Flewellen.
  Ainsley Flewellen: So you either get an A, a B or not yet. So you kind of—it’s impossible to fail pretty much. Like, she makes it where you can’t not pass her class.
  Turner: Hagan’s no pushover. If you bomb a quiz or an assignment, you do it again and again until you get an A or a B. The key, says Taylor Russell, is you’re not struggling alone. Miss Hagan’s there.
  Taylor: She’ll, like, stay after school, like, really, really, late with you and help you with it. I’ve had to do that multiple times.
  Turner: Which explains why, at lunch, students come to Hagan’s empty classroom just to hang out or ask her for help with an assignment, even if it’s for another teacher’s class.
  Melinda Parker: She wants her students to be successful.
  Turner: Fellow teacher, Melinda Parker.
  Parker: Oh, I, we love Sarah. She works so hard, and we got her in Drumright. We got her in Drumright, Okla.(laughter).
  Turner: But Parker worries that the young math teacher could burn out. Hagan admits, sometimes, the work does wear her down.
  Hagan: And, yeah, there’s days where I complain(laughter). And the people I complain to think I’m insane because I haven’t left this place. But these kids deserve better.
  Turner: And so she stays, at least for now. Even in her scant free time, Sarah Hagan writes a blog about her experiences in the classroom. She calls it Math Equals Love.
  梅麗莎·布洛克(主持人):萨拉·哈根教数学不用教科书,而是用色彩和其他你手上的东西。她让她班上的学生都离开座位。萨拉·哈根只有25岁,是一名俄克拉荷马州的高中老师。NPR新闻组的克里·特纳对她进行了采访,了解她用行动表达了对数学的热情。
  克里·特纳(撰稿人):俄克拉荷马州的庄来德是个不起眼的地方。现在只有不到3000人居住在这个萧条的石油镇,高速公路在这里通过。那里不再有红灯、电影院和保龄球馆,只有一群小房子和核心的商业区:一家殡仪馆、一间家多乐百货店和一家达乐日用品零售店。“这些条件已经很难吸引到好的老师了”,贾德·马瑟斯说道,他是庄来德高中的校长。但是情况变得更糟了。
  贾德·马瑟斯:在俄克拉荷马州我们不会给刚入职的老师高薪(笑)。如果你去临近的阿肯色州,他们那儿的入职薪酬每年会比这里多约一万美元。
  特纳:这使他想知道为什么一个曾在高中毕业得到优秀学生奖学金,并得到一流大学——塔尔萨大学的全额奖学金的人,会愿意在像庄来德这样的地方开始自己的教学生涯,每年只有三万多美元的工资。萨拉·哈根的回答是……
  萨拉·哈根:好吧,他们给了我一份工作,当时正值四月,我还没有毕业。他们说来这里工作吧。
  特纳:那是三年前的事了。
  哈根:第一次看到我的教室时,那是我看到的最令人沮丧的地方。墙壁的颜色不止一种,没有白板,没有布告牌。
  特纳:而且地板是这样的。   (地板吱吱作响的声音)
  特纳:现在地板还是那样,但是教室的其他地方都充满了色彩。四处都挂满了装饰品,每个学年结束后,哈根都会把它们全部撕下来重新布置。马瑟斯校长又有话说——
  马瑟斯:这真的焕然一新。(笑)当我这个夏天走进她的教室时,我说:“哇,你把这里装饰了一番,对吗?”她花了一整个夏天的时间来布置她的教室。
  特纳:对于哈根来说,视觉很重要。她有一个数学类的珠宝收藏,包括一条带有圆周率“π”形状的吊坠项链。更重要的是,她非常的自信。当她来到庄来德时,学校已经订了新的课本,但是作为一名实习老师,哈根已经决定不用课本教书。
  哈根:我不想受到教科书的束缚。我的意思是,许多知识我都不会按照课本那样的顺序来教。
  特纳:对于她来说,一般的数学书本身就有问题。
  哈根:所以我决定我们要自己制作课本。
  特纳:她没有跟任何人说起。她只是把新的课本都留在箱子里。相反地,在一堂三角函数课上,她用了像这样的东西……
  哈根:我那里的花盆是一个圆。
  特纳:而这个……
  哈根:我有一卷胶带是个圆。
  特纳:而我个人最喜欢的是……
  哈根:好的。那么我们意大利面的长度会不会是呼啦圈的半径呢?
  特纳:嗯,意大利面——这只是哈根动手学习方法的一部分。他们做的课本,刚开始都是空白的作文本。每天,哈根都会发一份她自己写的或是从其他老师那里得到的讲义。这份讲义通常都是用彩纸打印的,而且需要一些手工活——画画、上色、剪代数的拼图。
  哈根:好吧。让我们剪得越多越好。
  特纳:课上甚至还有一些基础折纸手工。学生们随后把答案贴在他们的笔记本上。最后,这些本子就像一些在《夺宝奇兵》系列电影中出现的折角的、皱巴巴的宝藏。哈根认为,如果学生们变得有创造性,那么他们更可能记得他们学习到的东西。
  哈根:问题的关键就在我们不需要像,噢,嗯,第763页的图表告诉我如何,你懂的,进行分类。他们应该想,噢,那是我们几天前在蓝色纸上的画作,我当时在角落还涂鸦了。
  特纳:当我去旁听哈根早上的那节代数课时,讲义是橙色的。
  哈根:所以你要把“4”放入圆圈里表示第几单元。我们单元的标题是“多项式”。
  特纳:哈根跟她的学生们说,别让错误的答案留下来,这点很重要。
  杰克·威廉姆斯:她真的能诱使我们学习。
  特纳:这位是高二的学生杰克·威廉姆斯。
  杰克:课堂上充满了乐趣,而且事实上,我们确实理解并掌握了需要学习的内容。
  克莉丝·希契:你喜欢拼图之类的东西。所以甚至你看起来不是在学习,但是当测验的时候,你就意识到——等等,我什么时候学过这些东西的?就像是,它们从哪里来的?
  特纳:这是高三的学生克莉丝·希契。高一的学生泰勒·拉塞尔充满疑虑地走进(采访室)来。
  泰勒·拉塞尔:我从来都不喜欢数学,但是今年,我却真的爱上了数学。
  特纳:让数学变得有趣很重要。在俄克拉荷马州,代数的不及格率很高。如果你不能通过州的考试,你就不能毕业。哈根甚至为了确保学生们都能学好数学而改变她的评分机制。这位是高一的学生安斯利·弗文霖。
  安斯利·弗文霖:所以你要不就得A或者B,要不就不给你评分。所以某种程度上说——你不可能不及格。就像是,她不会让你不及格。
  特纳:哈根不是那么容易打败的。如果你测试或者作业搞砸了,你要不断地去做它,直到你拿到一个A或者B。“关键在于”,泰勒·拉塞尔说道,“你不是一个人在努力,哈根老师也在那里陪着你。”
  泰勒:她放学后会留下来,帮助你学习,陪你到很晚。我已经那样做很多次了。
  特纳:这就能解释为什么在午餐时间,学生们都会到哈根的空教室那里呆着,或者问她作业,甚至是问她其他老师布置的作业。
  梅琳达·帕克:她希望她的学生变得成功。
  特纳:这位是哈根的同事,梅琳达·帕克。
  帕克:噢,我们爱萨拉。她工作非常认真,我们把她留在了庄来德。我们把她留在了俄克拉荷马州的庄来德。(笑)
  特纳:但是帕克担心这位年轻的数学老师的身体会透支。哈根承认,有时候,工作真的会让她精疲力尽。
  哈根:嗯,我也有抱怨的时候。(笑)我抱怨的对象他们认为我疯了,因为我还没有离开这个地方。但是这些孩子理应拥有更好的生活。
  特纳:所以她留下来了,至少现在还在。甚至在她少得可怜的空暇时间,萨拉·哈根也会在博客上寫她在课堂上的经历。她说数学是充满爱的。
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