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化学是以实验为基础的一门科学。在化学教学中演示实验占有十分重要的地位,它不仅对学生获得化学知识能从生动、鲜明的感性认识开始,而且对培养学生的能力起着相当重要的作用。下面试从几个方面探讨演示实验与学生能力的培养。 (一) 演示实验教学与观察能力的培养一个实验的效果怎样,不仅要看实验本身是否成功,更重要的是学生观察到了什么?观察的现象是否全面正确?是否对新知识的学习起促进作用或有利于巩固旧知识?总之,是取决于是否形成丰富的感性认识以服务于教学的需要。因此,首先要重视对实验进行认真、细致的观察。怎样观察呢?
Chemistry is a science based on experimentation. Demonstration experiment plays a very important role in chemistry teaching. It not only starts from the lively and vivid perceptual knowledge of the students obtaining chemical knowledge, but also plays an important role in cultivating students’ abilities. The following tries to explore the demonstration experiment and the cultivation of student’s ability from several aspects. (A) Demonstrate the training of experimental teaching and observation ability. What is the effect of an experiment, not only depends on the success of the experiment itself, what is more important is what the student observed? Is the observed phenomenon comprehensive and correct? Does it promote the learning of new knowledge? Or conducive to the consolidation of old knowledge? In short, it depends on the formation of a rich sense of understanding to serve the needs of teaching. Therefore, we must first pay attention to the careful and detailed observation of the experiment. How to observe it?