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牛顿第二定律的演示实验方法有若干种,由于大多要涉及精确的时间测定和繁杂的数字计算,一节课完成这一教学内容有点紧张。为此人们还在不断探讨,实践用新的方法使这一演示实验操作简便,效果显著、直观,便于学生理解接受。我们根据教育心理学“对比……是心理上的强刺激”的原理设计了一个牛顿第二定律演示实验,完全抛开了时间测定和繁杂的数字计算,通过对比得出加速度与力和质量的关系,使这实验简便直观.根据物体在恒外力作用下从静止开始运动,位移s=(a/2)t~2。如果让三个物体同时从静止开始,同时停止(即是说,三个物体的运动时间相同),则位移之比即等于加速度之比。(s_1)/(s_2)=((a_1t~2)/2)/((a_2t~2)/2)=(a_1)/(a_2),我们的实验,用三辆小车.当:
There are several kinds of demonstration methods for Newton’s second law. Since most of them involve accurate time measurement and complicated digital calculations, it is a bit nervous to complete this teaching content in one lesson. For this reason, people are constantly exploring and practicing new methods to make this demonstration experiment simple, effective and intuitive, and easy for students to understand and accept. We designed a Newton second law demonstration experiment based on the principle of educational psychology “Comparing... is a strong psychological stimulus”, completely abandoning the time measurement and the complicated digital calculations, and comparing the acceleration and force The relationship of quality makes this experiment simple and intuitive. According to the object’s movement from rest under constant external force, displacement s=(a/2)t~2. If three objects are simultaneously started from rest and stopped at the same time (that is, the three objects have the same movement time), the ratio of the displacement is equal to the ratio of the acceleration. (s_1)/(s_2)=((a_1t~2)/2)/((a_2t~2)/2)=(a_1)/(a_2) Our experiment uses three cars. When: