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我国民事诉讼法学界对推定问题研究较少,立法上的规定也较粗略,造成了司法实践中审判者操作的困难。推定可以分为法律推定和事实推定。在各种推定形式的功能上,主要区别在于,是否能够引起证据责任的转移。法律推定与事实推定在此功能上存在着较大的差别,前者能够转移证明责任;而后者则要根据具体情况分析,强制性的事实推定可以转移证明责任,允许性的事实推定则只能转移提供证据责任。
There are few researches on the presumption in China’s civil procedure jurisprudence field, and the legislative provisions are also relatively crude, which makes it difficult for the judiciary to operate in judicial practice. Presumptions can be divided into legal presumptions and de facto presumptions. The main difference in the function of the various forms of presumption is the possibility of a transfer of the burden of proof. There is a big difference between the legal presumption and the presumption of fact in this function, the former can transfer the burden of proof; the latter must be analyzed according to the specific situation; the presumption of the mandatory fact can transfer the burden of proof; the allowable fact presumption can only be transferred Provide evidence of responsibility.