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本文研究了在不同的条件下,铟(Ⅲ)在硫酸、硝酸或盐酸水溶液与二-(2-乙基己基)-磷酸(DEHPA)或2-乙基己基膦酸2-乙基己基酯(EHEHPA)煤油溶液之间的分配。对有机萃合物进行了红外光谱和核磁共振分析。结果发现,DEHPA对铟(Ⅲ)的萃取率高于EHEHPA;而且发现,酸性水溶液的种类对铟(Ⅲ)萃取的影响在低酸度下依次为:HNO_3>H_2SO_4>HCl,而在较高酸度下顺序则相反。萃取实验表明,DEHPA从硫酸或硝酸溶液中萃取的分配系数随着水溶液酸度的增加呈单调下降;从盐酸溶液中萃取的分配系数,在酸度低于1mol dm~(-3)时随着酸度的增加呈单调下降,而在酸度高于1mol dm~(-3)直至5mol dm~(-3)时则随酸度而增大,然后在更高酸度时又下降。EHEHPA的萃取曲线与DEHPA的相似,只是它从盐酸溶液中萃取的分配系数在水溶液酸度高于1mol dm~(-3)时有轻微的下降。最后依据所得结果提出了相应的平衡方程式。
In this paper, we studied the effect of indium (Ⅲ) on the degradation of indium (Ⅲ) in aqueous solution of sulfuric acid, nitric acid or hydrochloric acid with 2 - ethylhexyl 2 - ethylhexylphosphonate (DEHPA) EHEHPA) Distribution between kerosene solutions. The organic extracts were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. The results showed that the extraction rate of indium (Ⅲ) by DEHPA was higher than that of EHEHPA. Moreover, it was found that the effect of acidic aqueous solution on indium (Ⅲ) extraction was HNO 3> H 2 SO 4> HCl at low acidity, The order is the opposite. The extraction experiments showed that the partition coefficient of DEHPA extraction from sulfuric acid or nitric acid solution monotonically decreased with the increase of acidity of aqueous solution. The partition coefficient of extraction from hydrochloric acid solution decreased with the acidity lower than 1mol dm ~ (-3) The increase is monotonically decreasing, but increases with acidity when the acidity is higher than 1mol dm ~ (-3) up to 5mol dm ~ (-3), and then decreases with higher acidity. The extraction curve of EHEHPA is similar to that of DEHPA, except that it has a slight decrease in the partition coefficient of its extraction from a hydrochloric acid solution when the acidity of the aqueous solution is higher than 1 mol dm ~ (-3). Finally, according to the results obtained the corresponding equilibrium equation.