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应用1990-2005年的统计数据,研究了浙江省宁波市农田氮和磷的平衡状况。结果表明,由于耕地面积和复种指数的下降、畜禽养殖规模的提高,宁波市农田氮和磷盈余量逐年提高,2005年农田平均氮和磷盈余量分别相当于作物收获物带走氮和磷的158%和281%,各县(市、区)农田氮(N)盈余量为23.49~384.88 kg/hm2,氮盈余量奉化>象山、市区>慈溪、宁海>余姚;磷(P)盈余量为15.78~122.60 kg/hm2,磷盈余量奉化>象山>市区>宁海>慈溪>余姚。16年来,宁波市农田氮和磷盈余量增加迅速,氮和磷盈余量分别由1990年位于浙江省11个地市中排行第6位跃升至2005年的第1和第2位。在该市农田养分管理中,应重视氮肥的减量化施用和磷肥的高效利用。
Using the statistical data from 1990 to 2005, the balance of nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province was studied. The results showed that due to the decline of cultivated area and multiple cropping index and the increase of livestock and poultry breeding scale, the surplus of nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland of Ningbo increased year by year. The average amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland in 2005 was equivalent to that of crop and farmland, respectively (P) surplus of Fenghua> Xiangshan, urban area> Cixi, Ninghai> Yuyao; phosphorus surplus (P) The amount of phosphorus surplus Fenghua> Xiangshan> urban> Ninghai> Cixi> Yuyao. In the past 16 years, the surplus of nitrogen and phosphorus in farmland of Ningbo City increased rapidly. The surplus of nitrogen and phosphorus surged from No. 6 in 11 cities and prefectures in Zhejiang Province in 1990 to No. 1 and No. 2 in 2005 respectively. In the city of farmland nutrient management, should pay attention to the reduction of nitrogen fertilizer application and efficient use of phosphate fertilizer.