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目的研究哈尔滨市H3N2型流感病毒分子特性及耐药性,为流感防控提供实验室依据。方法收集2015年哈尔滨市流感样病例标本进行型别鉴定,选取H3N2型流感流行株进行基因片断核苷酸序列测定,分析分子特性和耐药性。结果 2 055份标本中检出H3N2型流感84份,HA基因核苷酸序列同源性为95.5%~100.0%,NA基因核苷酸序列同源性为96.5%~100.0%;基因种系发生树显示H3N2型流感病毒10株与2014/2015、2013/2014疫苗株处于同一分枝,3株与2011/2012疫苗株处于同一分枝;与流感耐药性相关的NA蛋白酶催化活性位点和辅助位点氨基酸均未发现变异。结论哈尔滨市H3N2型流感流行株HA和NA基因序列同源性较高,未发现较大的变异;疫苗株与哈尔滨市流行株有较好的匹配性,人群接种流感疫苗有较好的保护性;目前哈尔滨市流感流行株对现有临床应用的抗神经氨酸酶抑制剂仍然敏感。
Objective To study the molecular characteristics and drug resistance of H3N2 influenza virus in Harbin and provide laboratory evidence for influenza prevention and control. Methods The samples of influenza-like illness in Harbin were collected for type identification in 2015. The H3N2 influenza strains were selected for nucleotide sequencing and the molecular characteristics and drug resistance were analyzed. Results 842 strains of H3N2 influenza were detected in 2 055 specimens. The homology of nucleotide sequence of HA gene was 95.5% -100.0%. The homology of nucleotide sequence of NA gene was 96.5% -100.0% The tree showed that 10 strains of H3N2 influenza virus were in the same branch with vaccine strains 2014/2015 and 2013/2014 and 3 strains were in the same branch with the 2011/2012 vaccine strain. The active site of NA protease associated with influenza resistance and Auxiliary site amino acids were found no mutation. Conclusion The HA and NA gene sequences of H3N2 influenza strains in Harbin are highly homologous and no significant variation is found. The vaccines strains have a good match with the epidemic strains in Harbin, and the influenza vaccines in the population have good protection At present, influenza-like strains in Harbin are still sensitive to the current clinical application of anti-neuraminidase inhibitors.