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目的分析郴州市2007-2015年艾滋病新发现病例流行特征,为制定郴州市艾滋病防控策略提供科学依据。方法数据源于国家艾滋病综合防治信息系统,利用直方图、趋势分析、卡方检验等统计学方法描述、分析郴州市2007-2015年新发现艾滋病病例年龄、职业、传播途径等流行病学特征。结果 2007-2015年,郴州市共发现并报告艾滋病病例数1 319例,年均发病率为3.13/10万;2009年后HIV/AIDS新发现病例发病率呈上升趋势(χ_(趋势)~2=339.22,P<0.01)。新发病例中男女性别比为2.59:1,年度间男女发病率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);病例分布以20~59岁人群为主(占77.9%),2009年后,60岁以上老年人群所占比例明显增大,年龄构成比差异有统计学意义(χ~2=838.60,P<0.01);病例以农民及民工为主,占46.7%,年度间各职业总构成比差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4 207.33,P<0.01);各地地区间病例数构成比差异有统计学意义(χ~2=428.66,P<0.01),以永兴县、北湖区和资兴市为主,占总病例数的40.86%;年度间各感染途径构成比差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6 020.94,P<0.01),传播方式由静脉注射毒品传播为主转变为以性行为传播为主,异性性传播感染从2007年的31.8%上升到2015年的79.9%,所占比例呈上升趋势(χ_(趋势)~2=51.60,P<0.01),成为艾滋病传播的主要途径。结论郴州市新发现艾滋病病例数逐年增加,艾滋病传播主要以性接触传播为主,老年病例也在不断增加,需针对郴州市艾滋病流行特点积极探索针对性的有效干预措施,控制艾滋病疫情在郴州市进一步蔓延。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of newly diagnosed cases of AIDS in Chenzhou from 2007 to 2015 and provide scientific evidence for the development of AIDS prevention and control strategies in Chenzhou. Methods Data were derived from the national AIDS prevention and control information system. The histopathology, trend analysis and chi-square test were used to describe the epidemiological characteristics of newly discovered HIV cases such as age, occupation and transmission in Chenzhou in 2007-2015. Results A total of 1 319 AIDS cases were found and reported in Chenzhou from 2007 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 3.13 / lakh. Incidences of newly detected cases of HIV / AIDS increased after 2009 (χ_ (trend) ~ 2 = 339.22, P <0.01). In the newly diagnosed cases, the male-female ratio was 2.59: 1, the annual incidence of male and female was statistically significant (P <0.05); the cases were mainly from 20 to 59 years old (77.9%); after 2009, 60 The proportion of elderly population increased significantly, the age composition ratio was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 838.60, P <0.01); the case of peasants and migrant workers, accounting for 46.7% of the total occupational ratio of the year The difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 4 207.33, P <0.01). There were significant differences in the number of cases among different regions (χ ~ 2 = 428.66, P <0.01) Zixing City, accounting for 40.86% of the total number of cases; the annual infection rate was significantly different (χ ~ 2 = 6 020.94, P <0.01), and the mode of transmission was changed from intravenous drug delivery to The proportion of heterosexually transmitted infections increased from 31.8% in 2007 to 79.9% in 2015, with an upward trend (χ_ (trend) ~ 2 = 51.60, P <0.01) and became a target of AIDS transmission main method. Conclusion The number of newly discovered cases of AIDS in Chenzhou City has been increasing year by year. The transmission of AIDS is mainly transmitted by sexual contact, and the number of elderly cases is also increasing. Active and targeted interventions should be actively explored to address the AIDS epidemic in Chenzhou City to control the AIDS epidemic in Chenzhou Further spread.