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目的探讨化学毒物铅对小鼠生理、生化指标、睾丸组织形态学的影响以及某中药口服液对其治疗效果的观察。方法实验前给小鼠称体重、编号、测定血红蛋白(Hb)。用乙酸铅水溶液给小鼠作腹腔注射,染毒2周后,将染毒小鼠分成3组:模型组、治疗1组和治疗2组,不染毒的小鼠为正常对照组。分组后进行治疗,治疗组用某中药口服液灌胃,1次/d,共10 d,治疗1组为小剂量组,治疗2组为大剂量组,模型组和对照组用等量蒸馏水代替,方法相同。实验结束时给小鼠称体重,测定Hb。从眼球后静脉取血,分离血清,测定谷丙转氨酶、尿素、白蛋白、总胆固醇;处死小鼠后,取睾丸用福尔马林溶液处理,作病理切片,光镜下观察。结果与对照组比较,模型组小鼠存活率降低,体重不增加,Hb比试验前下降;睾丸组织体态学,肉眼观模型组睾丸有不同程度萎缩,切片光镜下见生精上皮变薄、管腔增大、生精细胞层次减少、次级精母细胞脱落、细胞稀疏、管腔内精子明显减少等;治疗组形态学变化明显减轻;血清白蛋白模型组明显低于对照组和治疗组,其余生化指标各组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论化学毒物铅对小鼠造血系统有明显的抑制作用,对雄性鼠生殖系统有明显的破坏作用,经某中药治疗后有明显的好转。
Objective To investigate the effects of lead, a chemical poison, on the physiological and biochemical parameters of mice and the histomorphology of testis, and to observe the therapeutic effect of a traditional Chinese medicine oral solution. Methods Before the experiment, mice were weighed, numbered and hemoglobin (Hb) was measured. The mice were injected intraperitoneally with lead acetate solution. After 2 weeks of exposure, the mice were divided into 3 groups: model group, treatment 1 group and treatment 2 group. The non-exposed mice were normal control group. The patients in the treatment group were given gavage once a day for 10 days, the treatment group 1 was a small dose group, the treatment 2 group was a high-dose group, and the model group and the control group were replaced by the same amount of distilled water The same way. The mice were weighed at the end of the experiment and Hb was measured. Blood was taken from the posterior retina, serum was separated, and alanine aminotransferase, urea, albumin, and total cholesterol were measured. After the mice were sacrificed, the testes were treated with formalin solution for pathological examination and light microscopy. Results Compared with the control group, the survival rate of the model group decreased, the body weight did not increase, and the Hb decreased compared with that before the test. The testicular tissue morphology and macroscopic model group had varying degrees of atrophy, The number of spermatogenic cells decreased, the number of secondary spermatocytes shedded, the cells became sparse and the number of spermatozoa in the lumen decreased significantly. The morphological changes of the treated group were obviously alleviated. The levels of serum albumin in the model group were significantly lower than those in the control group and the treatment group , The other biochemical indicators between the groups, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion Lead, a chemical poison, has a significant inhibitory effect on the hematopoietic system of mice and has a significant disruptive effect on the reproductive system of male rats. After some traditional Chinese medicine treatment, it has obvious improvement.